ReviewJournal of clinical microbiology2021
Tuberculous Meningitis: Pathogenesis, Immune Responses, Diagnostic Challenges, and the Potential of Biomarker-Based Approaches.
Review in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluation of Microbiological and Neuroimaging Diagnostic Modalities in Tuberculous Meningitis in Children: A Prospective Observational Study from Rural India.Annals of African medicine · 2026Observational
- Risk Factors for Poor Neurological Outcomes at Discharge in Tuberculous Meningitis: Disease Severity, Host Factors, and Drug Therapy.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Etiologic diagnosis of suspected tuberculous meningitis by multiplex PCR of cerebrospinal fluid.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Targeting Latent Tuberculosis: Immunogenic Evaluation of aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Clinical approach to drug-resistant tuberculosis of the brain and spine in a low-income setting: A case series.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis: Integrating Clinical Assessment and Molecular Diagnostics.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- A case report and literature review of neuropsychiatric lupus presenting with coma as the initial symptom.Medicine · 2026Review
- A novel diagnostic strategy of differential diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis and non-tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective observational cohort study.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Observational
- Host- and pathogen-related determinants of pulmonaryEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Co-expression of MARCKS and GSDMD pathway genes in tuberculous meningitis: a multi-omics analysis of blood-brain barrier disruption.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid procalcitonin and neutrophil percentage: a combined biomarker for differentiating bacterial from tuberculous meningitis in antibiotic-pretreated patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Glymphatic dysfunction and cognitive impairment in tuberculous meningitis: insights from diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- PPD skin test positivity and in-hospital mortality across age groups in non-HIV tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid reveals immune-cell heterogeneity and multicompartment MIF/CD74-related communication in tuberculous and purulent meningitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Predictors of Tuberculous Meningitis Mortality Among Persons with HIV in Mozambique.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis in a tertiary care center in China: a 10-year retrospective cohort.IJID regions · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most devastating form of tuberculosis (TB), causing high mortality or disability. Clinical management of the disease is challenging due to limitations of the existing diagnostic approaches. Our knowledge on the immunology and pathogenesis of the disease is currently limited. More research is urgently needed to enhance our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of the disease and guide us toward the identification of targets that may be useful for vaccines or host-directed therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the immunology and pathogenesis of TBM and summarize the literature on existing and new, especially biomarker-based, approaches that may be useful in the management of TBM. We identify research gaps and provide directions for research which may lead to the development of new tools for the control of the disease in the near future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.