ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2020
Colonization of a hand washing sink in a veterinary hospital by an Enterobacter hormaechei strain carrying multiple resistances to high importance antimicrobials.
Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Airborne bacterial profiling and air disinfection efficacy in small animal hospitals in South Korea.Journal of veterinary science · 2026Article
- Persistent multispecies dissemination ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- The hospital sink drain microbiome as a melting pot for AMR transmission to nosocomial pathogens.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- The effect of sample type and location on industrial workplace sink and hand dryer microbiomes.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Bacillus Genotypes Exhibit Antagonistic Effects on Lettuce-Based Enterobacter Pathotypes.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Genomic diversity of mcr-carrying plasmids and the role of type IV secretion systems in IncI2 plasmids conjugation.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome signatures of vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets and associated health outcomes across 21,561 individuals.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Role of Metals and Organic Acids in Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in the Food Chain.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Clinical and Genomic Epidemiology ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter hormaechei CarryingMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance Following Prolonged Use of Hand Hygiene Products: A Systematic Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Emergence of Neonatal Sepsis Caused by MCR-9- and NDM-1-Co-ProducingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Colistin-resistant Enterobacter kobei carrying mcr-9.1 and blaTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- Emergence of IncHI2 Plasmids WithFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHospital intensive care units (ICUs) are known reservoirs of multidrug resistant nosocomial bacteria. Targeted environmental monitoring of these organisms in health care facilities can strengthen infection control procedures. A routine surveillance of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers in a large Australian veterinary teaching hospital detected the opportunistic pathogen Enterobacter hormaechei in a hand washing sink of the ICU. The organism persisted for several weeks, despite two disinfection attempts. Four isolates were characterized in this study.
methodsBrilliance-ESBL selective plates were inoculated from environmental swabs collected throughout the hospital. Presumptive identification was done by conventional biochemistry. Genomes of multidrug resistant Enterobacter were entirely sequenced with Illumina and Nanopore platforms. Phylogenetic markers, mobile genetic elements and antimicrobial resistance genes were identified in silico. Antibiograms of isolates and transconjugants were established with Sensititre microdilution plates.
resultsThe isolates possessed a chromosomal Tn7-associated silver/copper resistance locus and a large IncH12 conjugative plasmid encoding resistance against tellurium, arsenic, mercury and nine classes of antimicrobials. Clusters of antimicrobial resistance genes were associated with class 1 integrons and IS26, IS903 and ISCR transposable elements. The blaSHV-12, qnrB2 and mcr-9.1 genes, respectively conferring resistance to cephalosporins, quinolones and colistin, were present in a locus flanked by two IS903 copies. ESBL production and enrofloxacin resistance were confirmed phenotypically. The isolates appeared susceptible to colistin, possibly reflecting the inducible nature of mcr-9.1.
conclusionsThe persistence of this strain in the veterinary hospital represented a risk of further accumulation and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, prompting a thorough disinfection of the ICU. The organism was not recovered from subsequent environmental swabs, and nosocomial Enterobacter infections were not observed in the hospital during that period. This study shows that targeted routine environmental surveillance programs to track organisms with major resistance phenotypes, coupled with disinfection procedures and follow-up microbiological cultures are useful to control these risks in sensitive areas of large veterinary hospitals.
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