ReviewVirus research2021
Nitric oxide (NO) and nanoparticles - Potential small tools for the war against COVID-19 and other human coronavirus infections.
Review in Virus research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Gases in Biomedicine: Updates on Nitric Oxide and Beyond.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Inhaled nitric oxide for the treatment of COVID-19: an open-label, parallel, randomised controlled trial.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Redox-signaling in innate immune memory: Similar mechanisms in animals/humans and plants.Redox biology · 2025Review
- Nitric Oxide in the Treatment of COVID-19: Nasal Sprays, Inhalants and Nanoparticles.Biochemistry research international · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Nitric Oxide Donors: Exploring Their Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Capabilities.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Potential for Early Noninvasive COVID-19 Detection Using Electronic-Nose Technologies and Disease-Specific VOC Metabolic Biomarkers.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A review on role of nitrous oxide nanoparticles, potential vaccine targets, drug, health care and artificial intelligence to combat COVID-19.Applied nanoscience · 2023Review
- Non-coding RNA in SARS-CoV-2: Progress toward therapeutic significance.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2022Review
- The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Nitric Oxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide at the Crossroads of Hypertension and COVID-19: Racial Disparities and Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Utility of NO and HNitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2022Review
- Environmentally azithromycin pharmaceutical wastewater management and synergetic biocompatible approaches of loaded azithromycin@hematite nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- High Doses of Inhaled Nitric Oxide as an Innovative Antimicrobial Strategy for Lung Infections.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
- Pyroptotic Patterns in Blood Leukocytes Predict Disease Severity and Outcome in COVID-19 Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The quest for a better fight: How can nanomaterials address the current therapeutic and diagnostic obstacles in the fight against COVID-19?Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2022Review
- Melatonin interferes with COVID-19 at several distinct ROS-related steps.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2021Review
- Targeting phytoprotection in the COVID-19-induced lung damage and associated systemic effects-the evidence-based 3PM proposition to mitigate individual risks.The EPMA journal · 2021Review
- Nitric Oxide System and Bronchial Epithelium: More Than a Barrier.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Nitric oxide for the prevention and treatment of viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections.F1000Research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The endogenous free radical nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the immunological system. NO has already been reported as a potential candidate for use in the treatment of human coronavirus infections, including COVID-19. In fact, inhaled NO has been used in clinical settings for its antiviral respiratory action, and in the regulation of blood pressure to avoid clot formation. In this mini-review, we discuss recent progress concerning the antivirus activity of NO in clinical, pre-clinical and research settings, and its beneficial effects in the treatment of clinical complications in patients infected with coronaviruses and other respiratory viral diseases, including COVID-19. We also highlight promising therapeutic effects of NO donors allied to nanomaterials to combat COVID-19 and other human coronavirus infections. Nanomaterials can be designed to deliver sustained, localized NO release directly at the desired application site, enhancing the beneficial effects of NO and minimizing the side effects. Challenges and perspectives are presented to open new fields of research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.