ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2021
Obstructive sleep apnea in people with intellectual disabilities: adherence to and effect of CPAP.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Respiratory support in patients with Down syndrome: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Real-world experience with daridorexant for insomnia in adults with intellectual disabilities: a retrospective single-centre case series.Drugs in context · 2026Article
- Adults with Down syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea treated with hypoglossal nerve stimulation.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Caregiver experiences helping children with Down syndrome use positive airway pressure to treat obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical practice - latest insights in optimizing the care of children with Down syndrome.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Review
- Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2023Review
- Sleep problems in preschool children at the child development center with different developmental status: A questionnaire survey.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Any Effective Intervention to Improve CPAP Adherence in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review.Global pediatric health · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in people with intellectual disabilities (ID), but in practice continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is often deemed unfeasible. We investigated adherence to and effect of CPAP in patients with ID and OSA.
methodsPatients with ID were started on CPAP using an intensive training program. Acceptable adherence was defined as use of ≥ 4 h/night during ≥ 70% of the nights. Treatment effect was measured with a patient global impression scale and customized questionnaires. Reasons for not starting CPAP, factors influencing treatment, and reasons for terminating CPAP were explored.
resultsOf 39 patients with ID, 87% after 8-10 weeks and 70% at 8 months still used CPAP, of whom 74% and 77% showed acceptable adherence. Baseline apnea-hypopnea (AHI) index decreased from 41.2/h to 5.3/h after 8-10 weeks (p < 0.001), and 4.3/h after 8 months (p < 0.001). At 8-10 weeks and after 8 months, there was an improvement in the most restrictive reported complaint (both p < 0.0005), difficulty waking up (p < 0.01; p < 0.0005), handling behavior (p < 0.03; p < 0.02), presence of irritability (p < 0.01), and sleepiness (p < 0.05). The expectation that CPAP would not be tolerated was the main reason for not starting. CPAP use in the first 2 weeks predicted adherence at 8-10 weeks and 8 months (r = 0.51, p < 0.01; r = 0.69, p < 0.01). Of 13 patients who terminated CPAP, the reasons for termination included behavioral problems, comorbid insomnia, anxiety, discomfort, or other side effects.
conclusionsWith adequate guidance, CPAP is both feasible and effective in people with ID and OSA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.