ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2021
Circulating levels of cytokines are increased in restless legs syndrome.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Concentrations of Cytokines in Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Low 5HTJournal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Serum Biomarkers in Restless Legs Syndrome: Beyond the Classical Iron Paradigm-A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Hydrotherapy and acupressure in restless legs syndrome: results of a randomized, controlled, three-armed, pilot study (HYDRAC-study).Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Changes and Pathological Mechanisms in Familial and Sporadic Idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome: Implications for Inflammation and Cell Adhesion Molecules.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Association between inflammatory cytokines and disease severity in restless legs syndrome.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Sleep Disorders in Connective Tissue Diseases-Coexisting Diseases or Disease Components?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Chronic inflammation markers and cytokine-specific autoantibodies in Danish blood donors with restless legs syndrome.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Correlation between vitamin D and poor sleep status in restless legs syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Investigating the inflammation marker neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in Danish blood donors with restless legs syndrome.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRestless legs syndrome [RLS] is known as a disease of iron and dopaminergic dysregulation but inflammatory processes might also have a role in the pathogenesis. In this study, we compared the circulating levels of hsCRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in patients with primary restless legs syndrome [RLS] and healthy control subjects.
methodsWe prospectively included 29 patients with primary RLS and 65 healthy controls [HC], all age-sex matched. The diagnosis of RLS was established using international guidelines. IRLSSG Severity Scale was used to evaluate the severity of RLS. Plasma levels of hsCRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured in all participants.
resultsThe mean age of patients was 37.8 ± 11.3 and 52% of RLS group were women. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels of the patient group were statistically significantly higher compared to HC [p < 0.001 for all variables]. Plasma levels of hsCRP did not differ between groups. There were 8 patients with mild RLS [28%], 13 patients with moderate RLS [45%], and 8 patients with severe RLS [28%]. Only IL-6 values were significantly different between the groups. In the severe group, the value of IL-6 was significantly higher than in the other groups [p: 0.03].
conclusionThese results showing higher circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with RLS support the notion that inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of primary RLS. However, it is necessary to perform further studies to determine if this finding is a cause or an effect.
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