ReviewJournal of intensive care2020
Efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of VAP in critically ill ICU patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.
Review in Journal of intensive care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of probiotic supplementation in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia among critically ill patients-a critical umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia with probiotics: an overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- The safety and efficacy of probiotic supplementation for critically ill adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotic in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: evidence from meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effects of Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Respiratory Tract Infections and Immune Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotic Supplementation Prevents the Development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia for Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical Benefits From Administering Probiotics to Mechanical Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A PRISMA-Guided Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of probiotic colonization on oral hygiene and ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU patients: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of ResB supplementation on gut microbiome composition in elderly pneumonia: a randomized pilot trial.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Protein nutritional support in critically ill patients: pathophysiological basis, clinical evidence, and areas of uncertainty - a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Probiotic treatment in an intensive care unit: a narrative review.Journal of intensive care · 2025Review
- Harnessing the microbiome to improve clinical outcomes for cancer, transplant, and immunocompromised patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Bidirectional association between pneumonia and intestinal infection: an analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Synergy betweenMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2024Article
- Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation ofPharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Computational prediction of new therapeutic effects of probiotics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is reported as the second most common nosocomial infection among critically ill patients with the incidence ranging from 2 to 16 episodes per 1000 ventilator days. The use of probiotics has been shown to have a promising effect in many RCTs. Our systematic review and meta-analysis were thus planned to determine the effect of probiotic use in critically ill ventilated adult patients on the incidence of VAP, length of hospital stay, length of ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, the incidence of diarrhea, and the incidence of oropharyngeal colonization and in-hospital mortality. METHODOLOGY: Systematic search of various databases (such as Embase, Cochrane, and Pubmed), published journals, clinical trials, and abstracts of the various major conferences were made to obtain the RCTs which compare probiotics with placebo for VAP prevention. The results were expressed as risk ratios or mean differences. Data synthesis was done using statistical software - Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020).
resultsNine studies met our inclusion criterion and were included in the meta-analysis. The incidence of VAP (risk ratio: 0.70, CI 0.56, 0.88; DISCUSSION: Our meta-analysis shows that probiotic administration has a promising role in lowering the incidence of VAP, the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and in-hospital mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.