ArticleViruses2020
Identification and Tracking of Antiviral Drug Combinations.
Article in Viruses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combination of vemurafenib, pleconaril, and AG7404 attenuates enterovirus replicationNAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- A Multi-modal Drug Target Affinity Prediction Based on Graph Features and Pre-trained Sequence Embeddings.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2025Article
- Synergistic combination of orally available safe-in-man pleconaril, AG7404, and mindeudesivir inhibits enterovirus infections in human cell and organoid cultures.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges in Antiviral Development for Respiratory Viruses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Emerging Therapeutics in the Fight Against EV-D68: A Review of Current Strategies.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Review
- Two-way pharmacodynamic modeling of drug combinations and its application to pairs of repurposed Ebola and SARS-CoV-2 agents.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Synergistic In Vitro Antiviral Effect of Combinations of Ivermectin, Essential Oils, and 18-(Phthalimid-2-yl)ferruginol against Arboviruses and Herpesvirus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Serum APOC1 levels are decreased in young autoantibody positive children who rapidly progress to type 1 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Synergistic Activity of Remdesivir-Nirmatrelvir Combination on a SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro Model and a Case Report.Viruses · 2023Article
- RETRACTED: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Target B Lymphocytes.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Phenotypic drug discovery: recent successes, lessons learned and new directions.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- Seven classes of antiviral agents.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Review of Developments in Combating COVID-19 by Vaccines, Inhibitors, Radiations, and Nonthermal Plasma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Combinations of Host- and Virus-Targeting Antiviral Drugs Confer Synergistic Suppression of SARS-CoV-2.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Article
- Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update.Molecular diversity · 2022Review
- Antiviral Immunoglobulins of Chicken Egg Yolk for Potential Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Viruses · 2022Article
- Identification of immunomodulatory drugs that inhibit multiple inflammasomes and impair SARS-CoV-2 infection.Science advances · 2022Article
- Vemurafenib Inhibits Enterovirus A71 Genome Replication and Virus Assembly.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Novel Synergistic Anti-Enteroviral Drug Combinations.Viruses · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Combination therapies have become a standard for the treatment for HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. They are advantageous over monotherapies due to better efficacy, reduced toxicity, as well as the ability to prevent the development of resistant viral strains and to treat viral co-infections. Here, we identify new synergistic combinations against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), echovirus 1 (EV1), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. We observed synergistic activity of nelfinavir with convalescent serum and with purified neutralizing antibody 23G7 against SARS-CoV-2 in human lung epithelial Calu-3 cells. We also demonstrated synergistic activity of nelfinavir with EIDD-2801 or remdesivir in Calu-3 cells. In addition, we showed synergistic activity of vemurafenib with emetine, homoharringtonine, anisomycin, or cycloheximide against EV1 infection in human lung epithelial A549 cells. We also found that combinations of sofosbuvir with brequinar or niclosamide are synergistic against HCV infection in hepatocyte-derived Huh-7.5 cells, and that combinations of monensin with lamivudine or tenofovir are synergistic against HIV-1 infection in human cervical TZM-bl cells. These results indicate that synergy is achieved when a virus-directed antiviral is combined with another virus- or host-directed agent. Finally, we present an online resource that summarizes novel and known antiviral drug combinations and their developmental status.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.