ReviewCancers2020
Carbon Ion Radiobiology.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 134 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CNAO REgistry triAL - REGAL
A Prospective Clinical Study of Immunotherapy Combined With Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does particle radiation have superior radiobiological advantages for prostate cancer cells? A systematic review of in vitro studies.European journal of medical research · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of particle radiotherapy on the functioning of cardiac implantable electronic devices: a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies according to PICO criteria.La Radiologia medica · 2022Pooled it
- Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Acts as the Optimal Treatment Strategy for Unresectable Liver Cancer During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- High-Dose Carbon Ion Reirradiation for Recurrent Pelvic Sarcomas: A Retrospective Analysis of Oncologic Outcomes in a Referral Center.Advances in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Improved Locoregional Recurrence-Free Survival With Carbon Ion Versus Photon Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Carbon ion irradiation at a clinically used dose rewires super-enhancers to drive necroptosis and systemic immunity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Harnessing the sparing effect of FLASH-RT: From phenomenon observation, radiophysical determinants to molecular mechanisms and synergistic strategies.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Revealing the biomolecular response of glioma cells to helium, carbon and oxygen minibeam radiation therapy using synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy.The Analyst · 2026Article
- Carbon ion radiotherapy for unresectable primary or recurrent soft tissue sarcomas: long-term outcomes based on the local effect model.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Advancing Particle Therapy to Improve Cancer Care: Report on "2nd World Forum on Particle Therapy".International journal of particle therapy · 2026Review
- PARP Inhibitors as Radiosensitizers: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Hypofractionated Spot Scanning Proton Therapy for Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma: A Retrospective Analysis With Quality-of-Life Outcome.Head & neck · 2026Article
- The global landscape of particle beam radiotherapy trials over the past 15 years.Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2026Article
- Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for High-Grade CNS Tumors: Mechanisms, Carriers, and Clinical Progress: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Investigation of relative biological effectiveness for protons, carbon and oxygen ion beams by DNA damage calculations in a fractal fibroblast cell geometry.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Spread-Out Bragg Peak FLASH Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Reirradiation: A Treatment Planning Study.International journal of particle therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical outcomes of carbon-ion radiotherapy for residual or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Immune Stromal Components Impede Biological Effectiveness of Carbon Ion Therapy in a Preclinical Model of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- The rise of 3D spheroids in radiobiology for assessing tumour radioresistance.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2026Article
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Radiotherapy using accelerated charged particles is rapidly growing worldwide. About 85% of the cancer patients receiving particle therapy are irradiated with protons, which have physical advantages compared to X-rays but a similar biological response. In addition to the ballistic advantages, heavy ions present specific radiobiological features that can make them attractive for treating radioresistant, hypoxic tumors. An ideal heavy ion should have lower toxicity in the entrance channel (normal tissue) and be exquisitely effective in the target region (tumor). Carbon ions have been chosen because they represent the best combination in this direction. Normal tissue toxicities and second cancer risk are similar to those observed in conventional radiotherapy. In the target region, they have increased relative biological effectiveness and a reduced oxygen enhancement ratio compared to X-rays. Some radiobiological properties of densely ionizing carbon ions are so distinct from X-rays and protons that they can be considered as a different "drug" in oncology, and may elicit favorable responses such as an increased immune response and reduced angiogenesis and metastatic potential. The radiobiological properties of carbon ions should guide patient selection and treatment protocols to achieve optimal clinical results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.