ArticleParasitology research2021
Mechanism by which the combination of SjCL3 and SjGAPDH protects against Schistosoma japonicum infection.
Article in Parasitology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin L1: A potential target for anti-schistosomiasis strategies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- GLYCOLYTIC ENZYMES AS VACCINES AGAINST SCHISTOSOMIASIS: TESTING SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE IN MICE.The Journal of parasitology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
A vaccine is an important method to control schistosomiasis. Molecules related to lung-stage schistosomulum are considered potential vaccine candidates. We previously showed that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and cathepsin L3 (CL3) displayed differential expression in the lung-stage schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum cocultured with host cells. In the present study, we prepared the two proteins and detected the protective effects of SjGAPDH by immunizing mice with this protein alone and in combination with SjCL3 with or without Freund's adjuvant. Then, we investigated the possible mechanisms underlying S. japonicum infection. The results showed that vaccination of adjuvanted SjGAPDH decreased the worm burden (37.8%) and egg load (38.1%), and the combination of adjuvanted SjGAPDH and SjCL3 further decreased the worm burden (65.6%) and egg load (70.9%) during Schistosoma japonicum infection. However, the immunization of a combination of adjuvant-free SjGAPDH and SjCL3 displayed a lower protective effect (< 15%) than those of the adjuvanted SjCL3, the adjuvanted SjGAPDH, and a combination of adjuvanted SjGAPDH and SjCL3. Flow cytometric results showed that the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was lower (P < 0.05) in the group with adjuvanted SjGAPDH and SjCL3 (2.61%) than the remaining groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results indicated that except for the uninfected and infected control groups, the remaining groups displayed a Th1-type shift in immune responses. These results showed the immunization of SjGAPDH resulted in partial protection (approximately 38%); inoculation with a combination of SjCL3 and SjGAPDH in Freund's adjuvant resulted in a high immunoprotective effect (> 65%) against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice, which was possibly caused by the reduced percentage of Tregs and a Th1-type shift in immune responses; and SjCL3 has no adjuvant-like effect, dissimilar to SmCL3.
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