Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33078271›Full record

ArticleArchives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery2021

Fractures around the hip: inducing life-like fractures as a basis for enhanced surgical training.

Andreas Harbrecht, Valentin Rausch, Kilian Wegmann, Michael Hackl, Stephan Uschok, Tim Leschinger, Lars P Müller

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Inducing thoracolumbar burst fractures in human cadaveric specimens using a combined axial-flexion loading: a fracture simulation.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andreas HarbrechtFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. andreas.harbrecht@uk-koeln.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9951-7629
Valentin RauschFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Kilian WegmannFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Michael HacklFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Stephan UschokFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Tim LeschingerFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Lars P MüllerFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
University of Cologne · DETH Köln - University of Applied Sciences · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn this study we investigated if realistic fracture patterns around the hip can be produced on human cadaveric specimens with intact soft tissue envelope. Possible applications of such fractured specimens would be in surgical training. MATERIALS AND

methods7 cadaveric specimens (2 male, 5 female, 2 formalin-fixed, 5 fresh-frozen) were fractured. 2 specimens were fractured on both femurs, 5 only on one side, resulting in 9 fractures total. 5 fractures were set in our custom-made drop-test bench, 2 fractures by inducing axial force using a hammer, and the remaining 2 fractures by a direct dorsal approach and a chisel. AO/OTA and Pauwels classification were used to classify the fractures on the specimens by two independent trauma surgeons.

resultsIn our drop-test bench, axial load with the femur adducted by 10° resulted in an intertrochanteric fracture (AO type A1.3), adducted by 20° resulted in a femoral neck fracture (Pauwels type III). Fracture induction using a hammer resulted in two intertrochanteric fractures (AO type A2.2 right, A3.3 left). The use of a chisel resulted in both cases in a femoral neck fracture. The acetabulum could be fractured multifragmentarily through use of a hemiprosthesis as a stamp.

conclusionA high energetic impulse induced by a custom-made drop-test bench can successfully simulate realistic proximal femur and acetabular fractures in cadaveric specimens with intact soft tissue. Furthermore, axial load using a hammer as well as using a chisel through a direct dorsal approach represent additional methods for fracture induction. These pre-fractured specimens can be utilized in surgical education to provide a realistic teaching experience for specialized trauma education courses.

Indexed as

Femoral Neck FracturesHip FracturesSurgeonsFemaleFemurHumansMaleAcetabulum fracturesFemoral neck fracturesIntertrochanteric fracturesRealistic fracture simulationSurgical education

Identifiers

PMID33078271
OpenAlexW3092686577

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.