SynthesisPloS one2020
Prevalence of myopia in Indian school children: Meta-analysis of last four decades.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myopia prevalence in Malaysian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Refractive Error Centile Curves for Asian and Western Children and Adolescents: An Individual Level Meta-Analysis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of patient satisfaction with red-free (green) versus yellow light using binocular indirect ophthalmoscope for retinal examination.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Urban-Rural and School-Type Disparities in the Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia in South India.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Gender and Refractive Error Stratified Ocular Biometry Percentile Curves in Indian School Children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Ocular biometric profile and clinical characteristics of high myopia in Indian children.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Refractive error among school-aged children in Bhutan: A secondary analysis of data from nationwide Bhutan School Sight Survey.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The Analysis of Optometrist Primary Eye Care Professionals as a Specialized Practice across India's Different States.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2026Article
- Shorter Viewing Distance Reduces Contrast in Man-Made Environments.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Comparison of accommodation and vergence parameters in early and late-onset myopic adults.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Article
- The Distribution of Spatial Contrast in Manmade Environments Produces Regional Visual Form Deprivation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Comparison of visual functions among early and late onset myopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Child Myopia Prevalence in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Effective refractive error coverage and spectacle coverage among school children in Telangana, South India.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Refractive Errors, Amplitude of Accommodation, and Myopia Progression in Kazakhstani Medical Students: 5-Year Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Ocular Biometry Percentile Curves and Their Relation to Myopia Development in Indian Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Study of myopia progression and risk factors in Hubei children aged 7-10 years using machine learning: a longitudinal cohort.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndia is the second most populated country in the world with 41% of the population (492 million) under 18 years of age. While numerous studies have shown an increasing prevalence of myopia worldwide, there continues to be uncertainty about the magnitude of myopia in Indian school going population.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsWe systematically identified published literature of last four decades from 1980 to March 2020 and assessed them for methodological quality. Data were gathered into 5-year age groups from 5-15, in urban or rural populations, and standardized to definition of myopia as refractive error ≥ -0.50 dioptre. Random effects meta-analysis was done.
resultsWe included data from 59 quality assessed studies, covering nearly 1,66,000 urban and 1,20,000 rural children. The overall crude prevalence of myopia over last four decades is 7.5% (95% CI, 6.5-8.5%) in 5-15-year age group. The prevalence of myopia is 8.5% (95% CI, 7.1-9.9%) in urban and 6.1% (95% CI, 4.5-7.7%) in rural children, with highest prevalence in urban 11-15-year age group [15.0% in last decade]. A significant increment in prevalence is noted in the last decade in rural children from 4.6% to 6.8%, reflecting changing rural environment.
conclusionMyopia is an emerging public health problem in both urban and rural school going adolescents in India requiring urgent efforts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.