ReviewInternal and emergency medicine2021
The Refeeding Syndrome: a neglected but potentially serious condition for inpatients. A narrative review.
Review in Internal and emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Australasian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Consensus statements on refeeding syndrome.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2025Guideline
- Biochemical Profile at Residential Admission in Anorexia Nervosa: Comparable Findings Across Restricting and Binge-Purge Subtypes.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Refeeding syndrome knowledge among healthcare providers in a tertiary care pediatric center: a pre- and post-effective education & awareness test analysis.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Refeeding Syndrome in Severely Malnourished Children Treated with Oral Nutrition Supplements Compared to F-75/F-100: A Hospital-Based Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2026Article
- Early enteral nutrition may reduce the incidence of refeeding syndrome for patients with severe corona virus disease 2019 and high nutritional risk.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factors analysis and nomogram model construction of refeeding syndrome after esophageal cancer surgery.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Beneficial Outcome Pathways: A New Mechanistic Framework to Map the Health Effects of Fasting in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a prediction model for refeeding syndrome in ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation and enteral nutrition support: a single-center retrospective study from China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The Identification and Management of Refeeding Syndrome in Inpatient Severely Acutely Malnourished Children Aged 6 to 59 Months in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Occurrence and predictors of refeeding syndrome in adult patients receiving parenteral nutrition at a Malaysian teaching hospital: A retrospective study.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Observational
- Analysis of influencing factors and nursing strategies for enteral nutrition patients complicated with refeeding syndrome in ICU.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Review
- Importance of Enteral Feeding: Enhancing Patient Care through Interventional Radiology.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2025Review
- The Impact of Early Protein Advancement in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Cardinality Matching Study.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2025Article
- Explainable machine learning model to predict refeeding syndrome in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Perioperative Rhabdomyolysis in Obese Individuals Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Current Status.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Refeeding syndrome and psychopharmacological interventions in children and adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: a focus on olanzapine-related modifications of electrolyte balance.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Gut Microbiome Changes in Anorexia Nervosa: A Comprehensive Review.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Metabolic and Nutritional Issues after Lower Digestive Tract Surgery: The Important Role of the Dietitian in a Multidisciplinary Setting.Nutrients · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Refeeding Syndrome (RFS) is a potentially serious, but still overlooked condition, occurring in individuals who are rapidly fed after a period of severe undernourishment. RFS derives from an abnormal electrolyte and fluid shifts leading to many organ dysfunctions. Symptoms generally appear within 2-5 days of re-feeding and may be absent/mild or severe and life threating, depending on the pre-existing degree of malnutrition and comorbidities. The lack of a standard definition and the nonspecificity of the symptoms make both incidence estimate and diagnosis difficult. In 2020, the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) proposed a unifying definition for the RFS and its severity classification. The awareness of the condition is crucial for identifying patients at risk, preventing its occurrence, and improving the management. The objectives of this narrative review were to summarize the current knowledge and recommendations about the RFS and to provide useful tips to help physicians to recognize and prevent the syndrome.
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Registered trials
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