Trial reportJournal of affective disorders2021
Ketamine Alters Electrophysiological Responses to Emotional Faces in Major Depressive Disorder.
Trial report in Journal of affective disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of ketamine on reward processing in depressive disorders: a systematic review of neuroimaging studies.CNS spectrums · 2026Pooled it
- Can ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators be considered entactogens?Psychiatry research · 2025Pooled it
- Brain-based correlates of antidepressant response to ketamine: a comprehensive systematic review of neuroimaging studies.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of ketamine on affective modulation of the startle reflex and its resting-state brain correlates.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Magnetoencephalography in human neuroscience research: planning, piloting, implementation and quality assurance.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Underpinnings of Emotional Face Processing in Suicide Risk: Exploring the Moderating Effects of Cortisol on Neural Parameters Using Magnetoencephalography.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- [Research progress on the characteristics of magnetoencephalography signals in depression].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025Review
- Neuropeptidergic systems in psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- 3,4-Methylenedioxy methamphetamine, synthetic cathinones and psychedelics: From recreational to novel psychotherapeutic drugs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Biomarkers of ketamine's antidepressant effect: a clinical review of genetics, functional connectivity, and neurophysiology.Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe glutamatergic modulator ketamine rapidly reduces depressive symptoms in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). However, ketamine's effects on emotional processing biases remain largely unknown, and understanding these processes may help elucidate ketamine's mechanism of action.
methodsMagnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to investigate ketamine's effects on early visual responses to affective stimuli in individuals with MDD (n=31) and healthy volunteers (HVs; n=24). Participants were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial and were assessed at baseline and after subanesthetic-dose ketamine and placebo-saline infusions. During MEG recording, participants completed an emotional evaluation task in which they indicated the sex or emotional valence (happy-neutral or sad-angry) of facial stimuli. Source-localized event-related field (ERF) M100 and M170 amplitudes and latencies were extracted from regions of interest. Linear fixed effects models examined interactions between diagnosis, stimulus valence, and drug session for behavioral and MEG data.
resultsIn baseline behavioral analyses, MDD participants exhibited higher accuracy for sad-angry than happy-neutral faces, and HVs responded faster to happy-neutral than sad-angry faces. In the MEG post-infusion analyses, calcarine M100 amplitudes were larger in MDD than HV participants post-placebo but became more similar post-ketamine. Finally, fusiform M170 amplitudes were associated with antidepressant response in MDD participants. LIMITATIONS: The modest sample size and the need to collapse across responses to happy and neutral faces to increase statistical power limit the generalizability of the findings.
conclusionsKetamine rapidly altered emotional stimulus processing in MDD, laying the groundwork for future investigations of biomarkers of antidepressant treatment response. CLINICAL TRIAL: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT#00088699.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.