Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33072591›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2020

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Neuro-Oncology: Strategies, Failures, and Challenges to Overcome.

Brij S Karmur, Justine Philteos, Aram Abbasian, Brad E Zacharia, Nir Lipsman, Victor Levin, Stuart Grossman, Alireza Mansouri

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Focused ultrasound for brain metastases.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026
    Review
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  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Brij S KarmurFaculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Justine PhilteosFaculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aram AbbasianFaculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Brad E ZachariaPenn State Health Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States.
Nir LipsmanDivision of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Victor LevinDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Stuart GrossmanDepartment of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Alireza MansouriPenn State Health Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a formidable challenge in the development of effective therapeutics in neuro-oncology. This has fueled several decades of efforts to develop strategies for disrupting the BBB, but progress has not been satisfactory. As such, numerous drug- and device-based methods are currently being investigated in humans. Through a focused assessment of completed, active, and pending clinical trials, our first aim in this review is to outline the scientific foundation, successes, and limitations of the BBBD strategies developed to date. Among 35 registered trials relevant to BBBD in neuro-oncology in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, mannitol was the most common drug-based method, followed by RMP-7 and regadenoson. MR-guided focused ultrasound was the most common device-based method, followed by MR-guided laser ablation, ultrasound, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. While most early-phase studies focusing on safety and tolerability have met stated objectives, advanced-phase studies focusing on survival differences and objective tumor response have been limited by heterogeneous populations and tumors, along with a lack of control arms. Based on shared challenges among all methods, our second objective is to discuss strategies for confirmation of BBBD, choice of systemic agent and drug design, alignment of BBBD method with real-world clinical workflow, and consideration of inadvertent toxicity associated with disrupting an evolutionarily-refined barrier. Finally, we conclude with a strategic proposal to approach future studies assessing BBBD.

Indexed as

blood-brain barrierclinical trialdrug deliverygliomaneuro-oncolgyneurosurgical oncology

Identifiers

PMID33072591
PMCPMC7531249

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.