ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020
Vaccine Adjuvants Differentially Affect Kinetics of Antibody and Germinal Center Responses.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Mincle-dependent Th17 adjuvanticity requires TNFR1 signaling in myeloid cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Swine Group A rotavirus vaccines: current status, adjuvant strategies, challenges, and future perspectives.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Establishing long-lasting vaccine immunity: insights from mRNA and adjuvanted protein platforms.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- Insulin deficiency inhibits vaccine-mediated antibody and germinal center B-cell formation in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A High-Yield Recombinant Inactivated Whole-Virion Nasal Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Vaccine with an Attenuated PB2 Gene.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nano/Micro-Enabled Modification and Innovation of Conventional Adjuvants for Next-Generation Vaccines.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- A Cyclic-di-AMP Adjuvanted CPAF Protein Vaccine Is Immunogenic in Swine, but It Fails to Reduce GenitalVaccines · 2025Article
- Flow Cytometry-Based Rapid Assay for Antigen Specific Antibody Relative Affinity in SRBC-Immunized Mouse Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Distinct effects of adjuvants on B cell responses to protein or polysaccharide antigens contained in glycoconjugate vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Dose-sparing effects of novel adjuvants and aluminum hydroxide on two different vaccines in a neonatal mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- All roads lead to IgA: Mapping the many pathways of IgA induction in the gut.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Maturation of germinal center B cells after influenza virus vaccination in humans.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Tailoring TeLife · 2024Article
- Production of Antibodies to Peptide Targets Using Hybridoma Technology.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Head-to-Head Comparison of Novel Vaccine Technologies Comes with a Minefield of Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- 'Persistent germinal center responses: slow-growing trees bear the best fruits'.Current opinion in immunology · 2023Review
- Profound structural conservation of chemically cross-linked HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein experimental vaccine antigens.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aluminum salts and squalene based oil-in-water emulsions (SE) are widely used adjuvants in licensed vaccines, yet their mechanisms are not fully known. Here we report that induction of antibody responses displays different kinetics dependent on the adjuvant used. SE facilitated a rapid antibody response in contrast to aluminum hydroxide (AH) and the depot-forming cationic liposome-based adjuvant (CAF01). Antigen given with the SE adjuvant rapidly reached follicular B cells in the draining lymph node, whereas antigen formulated in AH or CAF01 remained at the site of injection as a depot. Removal of the injection site early after immunization abrogated antibody responses only when antigen was given in the depot-forming adjuvants. Despite initial delays in B cell activation and germinal center (GC) formation when antigen was given in depot-forming adjuvants, the antibody levels reached higher magnitudes than when the antigen was formulated in SE. This study demonstrates that the kinetic aspect of antibody responses is critical in adjuvant benchmarking and suggests that the optimal vaccination regime depends on the adjuvant used.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.