ReviewPaediatric respiratory reviews2020
An update on controversies in e-cigarettes.
Review in Paediatric respiratory reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Health impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and determinants of e-cigarette use in South Asia: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Periodontal Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International dental journal · 2025Pooled it
- Interpersonal communication and perceived norms as social influence mechanisms of e-cigarette use among adults: a systematic review.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Pooled it
- Indoor Particulate Matter in Urban Households: Sources, Pathways, Characteristics, Health Effects, and Exposure Mitigation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Perceived norms and e-cigarette use among young adults in US college: The mediation role of outcome expectancies.Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2026Article
- Narrative Review of Novel Nicotine-Delivery Systems and Emerging Pharmaceuticals for Tobacco Cessation.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- ERS Congress 2025: highlights from the Epidemiology and Environment Assembly.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Factors associated with smoking cessation among adolescents: A retrospective study in a smoking cessation outpatient clinic.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of alternate tobacco products and traditional tobacco smoking on various organ/systems: A guide to regulators and health policy makers.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices: What We Know and Its Implications for India Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Components and Harm Perceptions of E-Cigarettes: Health Risks and Intervention Strategies among Multicultural Youth in Pakistan.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Partial amelioration of a chronic cigarette-smoke-induced phenotype in mice by switching to electronic cigarettes.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Changes in Concentration of Selected Biomarkers of Exposure in Users of Classic Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heated Tobacco Products-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The alcohol exposome.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- Delphi consensus methodology to gauge expert perspectives on smoking prevention, cessation and harm reduction in Italy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Vitamin C Protects from Impairment of Memory Induced by E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Severe Pulmonary Blastomycosis in a Young Adult: Probable Role of E-Cigarette Use in Immunosuppression.Case reports in medicine · 2025Article
- Dual Use of Electronic Cigarettes and Cigarettes Elevates Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Mental Health Issues: Insights from a Korean Health Survey.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Multistate transition modelling of e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking among youth in the UK.Tobacco control · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
E-cigarettes are electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) which mimic tobacco smoking without the combustion of tobacco. These devices have been misleadingly marketed as "less harmful" alternatives to conventional smoking tobacco products. The e-liquid in e-cigarettes include nicotine, a humectant and other additives including flavourings, colourants, or adulterants such as bacterial and fungal products. In this review, we discuss the contrasting views of the tobacco lobby and most professional societies. We describe the epidemiology of the use of these devices, with a widespread and significant rise in youth e-cigarette use seen in both the USA and Europe. We also describe what is known about the toxicity and mechanisms of EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping associated lung injury). This characterised by respiratory failure with an intense inflammatory response. The presentations are diverse and clinicians should consider vaping as a possible cause of any unusual respiratory illness in patients who have a history of vaping or other use of e-cigarette-related products. Second hand exposure to e-cigarettes is also harmful through respiration and transdermal absorption. E-cigarettes have a worse acute toxicity than tobacco and their long-term toxicity is unknown, and we advocate for the immediate, most vigorous anti-vaping legislation possible.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.