ArticleDevelopment and psychopathology2022
Differential associations of parental harshness and parental disengagement with overall cortisol output at 15 years: Implications for adolescent mental health.
Article in Development and psychopathology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Childhood violence exposure and externalizing behaviors: A systematic review of the role of physiological biomarkers.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Individual and Interactive Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Income on Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Individual Contributions of Adverse Childhood Experiences to Adolescent Substance Use.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Maternal caregiving moderates relations between maternal childhood maltreatment and infant cortisol regulation.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Is neglect the first form of threat?Attachment & human development · 2025Review
- Increasing diversity in neuroimaging research: Participant-driven recommendations from a qualitative study of an under-represented sample.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation of the oxytocin system as an indicator of adaptation to over-controlling parenting and psychosocial functioning in adulthood.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Reconsidering the nature of threat in infancy: Integrating animal and human studies on neurobiological effects of infant stress.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- On the complex relationship between resilience and hair cortisol levels in adolescence despite parental physical abuse: a fourth wave of resilience research.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Negative versus withdrawn maternal behavior: Differential associations with infant gray and white matter during the first 2 years of life.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Threat versus deprivation in mother's childhood: Differential relations to hair cortisol and psychopathology in pregnancy.Child abuse & neglect · 2023Article
- The role of neighborhood collective efficacy in moderating associations between adversity and internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents.Journal of community psychology · 2023Article
- Prenatal substance exposure, early-life adversity, and parenting: Associations with adolescent stress response.Developmental psychobiology · 2023Article
- Developmental costs associated with early maternal withdrawal.Child development perspectives · 2022Article
- Family stress during the pandemic worsens the effect of adverse parenting on adolescent sleep quality.Child abuse & neglect · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Psychosocial stress in childhood and adolescence is linked to stress system dysregulation, although few studies have examined the relative impacts of parental harshness and parental disengagement. This study prospectively tested whether parental harshness and disengagement show differential associations with overall cortisol output in adolescence. Associations between overall cortisol output and adolescent mental health problems were tested concurrently. Adolescents from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) provided hair samples for cortisol assay at 15 years (N = 171). Caregivers reported on parental harshness and disengagement experiences at 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years, and adolescents reported at 15 years. Both parent and adolescent reported depressive and anxiety symptoms and antisocial behaviors at 15. Greater parental harshness from 1-15 years, and harshness reported at 15 years in particular, was associated with higher overall cortisol output at 15. Greater parental disengagement from 1-15 years, and disengagement at 1 year specifically, was associated with lower cortisol output. There were no significant associations between cortisol output and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or antisocial behaviors. These results suggest that the unique variances of parental harshness and disengagement may have opposing associations with cortisol output at 15 years, with unclear implications for adolescent mental health.
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