SynthesisAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2021
Whole Grain Food Definition Effects on Determining Associations of Whole Grain Intake and Body Weight Changes: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Revision of the Choices Nutrient Profiling System.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Adaptation of the Diet Quality Questionnaire as a Global Public Good for Use in 140 Countries.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Sorghum and health: An overview of potential protective health effects.Journal of food science · 2024Review
- Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Whole grain consumption and risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a prospective study from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Is diet related to osteoarthritis? A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study that investigates 45 dietary habits and osteoarthritis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Health Effects of Whole Grains: A Bibliometric Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The barriers to whole-grain consumption among Iranian students.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Differential Associations of Intakes of Whole Grains and Coarse Grains with Risks of Cardiometabolic Factors among Adults in China.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Aligning nutrient profiling with dietary guidelines: modifying the Nutri-Score algorithm to include whole grains.European journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Perspective: Why Whole Grains Should Be Incorporated into Nutrient-Profile Models to Better Capture Nutrient Density.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Within epidemiological and intervention studies, whole grain consumption has generally shown positive associations with reductions in markers of overweight and obesity. However, studies use varied methods of determining whole grain intake, including different definitions of a whole grain food, which may explain varied results. This systematic review aimed to identify how different methods of reporting and calculating whole grain intake, including whole grain food definitions, affect reported associations between whole grain intake and body weight measures in adults. Systematic searching of PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and MEDLINE (all years to 11 June, 2020) identified eligible studies. Cohort and cross-sectional studies assessing whole grain intake and body weight measures in adults were included. Studies that did not specify methods used to calculate whole grain intake were excluded. Twenty-one cross-sectional studies (from 24 articles) and 9 prospective cohort studies (from 7 articles) were included in the review. Many cross-sectional studies showed whole grain intake was, to some degree, significantly associated with body weight measures, whereas associations varied greatly among cohort studies. Studies calculating whole grain intake using total grams of intake, USDA databases, or ≥25% whole grain in combination with listing specific foods, showed consistent beneficial effects of increasing whole grain intake on body weight. Studies with general lists of foods included as "whole grain foods" or lower cut-offs for whole grain content were inconsistent. The majority of studies reported whole grain intake as servings/day or grams whole grain/day. This review suggests that an association between whole grain and body weight measures remains likely, although precise associations are difficult to determine due to heterogeneity in methodologies and an inability to formally compare studies. Moving forward, application of a standardized methodology to calculate whole grain intake is essential.
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Registered trials
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