ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2021
IL-4-BATF signaling directly modulates IL-9 producing mucosal mast cell (MMC9) function in experimental food allergy.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Antigen Interaction with Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Constitutively high levels of endogenous soluble ST2 inhibit food allergic responses in mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Food allergy: begin at the skin, end at the mast cell?Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Role of Mast Cells in Human Health and Disease: Controversies and Novel Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Maternal IgE Influence on Fetal and Infant Health.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Multi-omics approaches reveal the mechanisms underlying the interaction between cyst fluid ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Bioenergetic and Inflammatory Alterations in Regressed and Non-Regressed Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Interleukin-9 promotes mast cell progenitor proliferation and CCR2-dependent mast cell migration in allergic airway inflammation.Mucosal immunology · 2023Article
- The World according to IL-9.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Animal Models of IgE Anaphylaxis.Biology · 2023Review
- Acute systemic myeloid inflammatory and stress response in severe food allergic reactions.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Article
- IL-4 receptor alpha signaling alters oral food challenge and immunotherapy outcomes in mice.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Immune Responses at Host Barriers and Their Importance in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Modulation of IL-4/IL-13 cytokine signaling in the context of allergic disease.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Review
- Utilizing mast cells in a positive manner to overcome inflammatory and allergic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Interleukin (IL)-9 Supports the Tumor-Promoting Environment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Cancers · 2021Review
- Transcription Factors in the Development and Pro-Allergic Function of Mast Cells.Frontiers in allergy · 2021Review
- Mechanisms Underlying the Skin-Gut Cross Talk in the Development of IgE-Mediated Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2020Review
- IgE and IgG Antibodies as Regulators of Mast Cell and Basophil Functions in Food Allergy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study group has previously identified IL-9-producing mucosal mast cell (MMC9) as the primary source of IL-9 to drive intestinal mastocytosis and experimental IgE-mediated food allergy. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the expansion of MMC9s remain unknown.
objectivesThis study hypothesized that IL-4 regulates MMC9 development and MMC9-dependent experimental IgE-mediated food allergy.
methodsAn epicutaneous sensitization model was used and bone marrow reconstitution experiments were performed to test the requirement of IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) signaling on MMC9s in experimental IgE-mediated food allergy. Flow cytometric, bulk, and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses on small intestine (SI) MMC9s were performed to illuminate MMC9 transcriptional signature and the effect of IL-4Rα signaling on MMC9 function. A bone marrow-derived MMC9 culture system was used to define IL-4-BATF signaling in MMC9 development.
resultsEpicutaneous sensitization- and bone marrow reconstitution-based models of IgE-mediated food allergy revealed an IL-4 signaling-dependent cell-intrinsic effect on SI MMC9 accumulation and food allergy severity. RNA-sequencing analysis of SI-MMC9s identified 410 gene transcripts reciprocally regulated by IL-4 signaling, including Il9 and Batf. Insilico analyses identified a 3491-gene MMC9 transcriptional signature and identified 2 transcriptionally distinct SI MMC9 populations enriched for metabolic or inflammatory programs. Employing an in vitro MMC9-culture model system showed that generation of MMC9-like cells was induced by IL-4 and this was in part dependent on BATF.
conclusionsIL-4Rα signaling directly modulates MMC9 function and exacerbation of experimental IgE-mediated food allergic reactions. IL-4Rα regulation of MMC9s is in part BATF-dependent and occurs via modulation of metabolic transcriptional programs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.