ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2021
Lysyl Oxidase-Like 4 Fosters an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment During Hepatocarcinogenesis.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- The entanglement of extracellular matrix molecules and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: a systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- LOXL4: a key regulatory factor at the intersection of fibrosis and tumor progression.Human cell · 2026Review
- Targeting LOXL4-driven matrix stiffening with acetyldigoxin restores CD8Science advances · 2026Article
- Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Metal homeostasis as a therapeutic lever: advancing metalloimmunology to remodel the tumor microenvironment and enhance cancer immunotherapy.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis and cuproptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: interconnected mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mechanism and role of regulated cell death in tumor immunity and immunotherapy.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- Identification of Cuproptosis-Related Gene Clusters in Behçet's Disease and Its Immunological Profiles by Bioinformatics Analysis.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Bi-Regional Machine Learning Radiomics Based on CT Noninvasively Predicts LOX Expression Level and Overall Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- CXCL12-targeting siRNA nanoparticles alleviate immunosuppression and inhibit tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of cuproptosis-related genes on immune infiltration in rheumatoid arthritis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- The molecular mechanism and therapeutic landscape of copper and cuproptosis in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system.Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2025Review
- Exosome-based immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Cuproplasia and cuproptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms, relationship and potential role in tumor microenvironment and treatment.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Systematic Characterisation and Analysis of Lysyl Oxidase Family Members as Drivers of Tumour Progression and Multiple Drug Resistance.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Identification of tumor immune infiltration-associated VPS72 and prognostic significance of VPS72 and CD8A in hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis the role of cuproptosis related genes in abdominal aortic aneurysm.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Exosome-mediated Crosstalk in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Critical Drivers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial alterations and signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsLysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4) is an amine oxidase that is primarily involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and is highly expressed in HCC tissues, but its functional role in mediating liver carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of LOXL4 in hepatocarcinogenesis. APPROACH AND
resultsHere, we demonstrate that hepatic LOXL4 expression was increased during the liver carcinogenesis in mice concomitantly fed a choline-deficient, l-amino acid-defined diet. LOXL4 was secreted by the neoplastic cells and primarily localized within hepatic macrophages through exosome internalization. Supplementation of LOXL4 had minimal effect on neoplastic cells. In vitro exposure of macrophages to LOXL4 invoked an immunosuppressive phenotype and activated programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which further suppressed the function of CD8
conclusionsLOXL4 facilitates immune evasion by tumor cells and leads to hepatocarcinogenesis. Our study unveils the role of LOXL4 in fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment during hepatocarcinogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.