Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33067774›Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer survivorship : research and practice2021

Caregiving burden among informal caregivers of African American cancer survivors.

K Schwartz, J Beebe-Dimmer, T A Hastert, J J Ruterbusch, J Mantey, F Harper, H Thompson, S Pandolfi, A G Schwartz

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Burden of Informal Caregivers from an HHC Military Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Caregiver costs and financial burden in caregivers of African American cancer survivors.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Analysis of Caregiver Burden Expressed in Social Media Discussions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

K SchwartzDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. kensch@med.wayne.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-0219-9036
J Beebe-DimmerPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
T A HastertPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
J J RuterbuschPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
J ManteyPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
F HarperPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
H ThompsonPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
S PandolfiPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
A G SchwartzPopulation Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 87 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
Wayne State University · US

Funding

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African American cancer survivors and their caregiversU01CA199240 · NCI · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Jennifer L Beebe-Dimmer, Ann G. Schwartz · 2017 to 2026
$15.2M
NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000028CNCI NIH HHS HHSN2612612013000011INCI NIH HHS U01 CA199240NCI NIH HHS U01CA199240
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeRelatively little is known about caregivers of African American cancer survivors. Our goal was to identify the extent of burden among this group of caregivers.

methodsResponses from 560 informal caregivers of African American participants of the Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) study in Detroit, MI, were analyzed including demographics, assistance provided including activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), time spent in caregiving, and caregiver burden (CGB). We assessed relationships between CGB and demographic variables, ADLs/IADLs, and level of care. Multivariable logistic regression determined which ADLs and IADLs were associated with high CGB.

resultsOver 75% of caregivers were female and 97% identified as African American. Mean age was 52.6 years. Fifty-six percent were employed outside the home, and 90% were related to the survivor. Caregivers averaged 35.7 h/week providing care, assisting with on average 2.8 ADLs and 5.0 IADLs. Despite the many hours and activities reported, no caregivers rated CGB as severe; only 4% rated it moderate to severe. ADLs associated with the top quartile of CGB were feeding and toileting; IADLs were finances, telephoning, housework, and medications.

conclusionsCaregivers for African American cancer survivors provide many hours of care, yet most describe their CGB as low. Although ADL assistance is often available through the healthcare system, assistance with IADLs presents an opportunity to lessen the burden for these caregivers and their care recipients. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: African American cancer survivors receive much care from informal family caregivers, who assist with multiple ADLs and IADLs. Formal IADL assistance programs, similar to those available for ADLs, would benefit both survivors and caregivers.

Indexed as

Cancer SurvivorsNeoplasmsActivities of Daily LivingBlack or African AmericanCaregiversFemaleHumansMiddle AgedAfrican AmericanCancer survivorCaregiver burdenInformal caregiver

Identifiers

PMID33067774
PMCPMC8052386
OpenAlexW3093221258

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.