ReviewLancet (London, England)2020
SARS-CoV-2 immunity: review and applications to phase 3 vaccine candidates.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 361 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Serology Testing (Antibody Levels) With Time Following SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Vaccinations in Residents of Nursing, Extended Care, and Over-55 Communities
A Phase 1, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled, Dose-escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccine Delivered Intramuscularly Followed by Electroporation for COVID-19 in Healthy Adults
Who cites it
361 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 622 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines for preventing infections in adults with haematological malignancies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of homologous or heterologous immunization regimens against SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Long-term evaluation of the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in recovered patients: a meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Saliva is suitable for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detection after vaccination: A rapid systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Long-term immune response to mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Immunotherapeutic modalities for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria: therapeutic promises of antibodies and next-generation vaccines.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Vaccine side effects after vaccination against COVID-19 in employees at an University Hospital in Austria.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- COVID-19 re-infection: a large cross-sectional population-based study in the northeast of Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- BNT162b2 vaccine induces potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralising immunoglobulins in lung mucosa.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- IPNA clinical practice recommendations on care of pediatric patients with pre-existing kidney disease during seasonal outbreak of COVID-19.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Comparative evaluation of in-house ELISA and two commercial serological assays for the detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Robust COVID-19 Vaccine Responses Despite Filarial Co-Infection: Insights from a Lymphatic Filariasis Cohort in Ghana.Vaccines · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 evolution on a dynamic immune landscape.Nature · 2025Article
- Immune-Boosting and Antiviral Effects of Antioxidants in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Therapeutic Perspective.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Editorial: Immunoregulatory cells: balancing immune responses during pathogen infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and persistence of humoral immunity in response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and mild infection in Morocco: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Vaccination and COVID-19: impact on long-COVID.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
301 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is crucial to understanding disease pathogenesis and the usefulness of bridge therapies, such as hyperimmune globulin and convalescent human plasma, and to developing vaccines, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies. A mere 11 months ago, the canvas we call COVID-19 was blank. Scientists around the world have worked collaboratively to fill in this blank canvas. In this Review, we discuss what is currently known about human humoral and cellular immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and relate this knowledge to the COVID-19 vaccines currently in phase 3 clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.