ArticleActa diabetologica2021
Elevated plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide levels are associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Acta diabetologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut-associated metabolites and diabetes pathology: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Trimethylamine N-oxide as a key microbial mediator in the progression of diabetic kidney disease.World journal of nephrology · 2026Article
- Article
- [Establishment and application of a knowledge-directed pseudo-targeted analytical method for diabetic retinopathy].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2026Article
- Diabetic retinopathy: why some eyes suffer more - a focus on retina-specific risk factors and metabolic memory.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Diabetes and its complications: molecular mechanisms, prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- The microbiota-epigenome axis in healthy longevity: roles of microbial and gerobiotic metabolites - a narrative exploratory review.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota and Associated Metabolites on Retinal Diseases and Visual Impairment: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Trimethylamine N-Oxide Combined with Phenylacetylglutamine as Potential Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- The gut-retina axis in diabetic retinopathy: a new paradigm for pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The gut-eye axis in blinding eye diseases: microbiota-driven immune dysregulation and immunomodulatory therapies.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Role of gut microbiomes in different ocular pathologies: A systematic review.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Systems biology and microbiome innovations for personalized diabetic retinopathy management.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Review
- Early-stage diabetic retinopathy: gut-metabolic triggers, immune-neurodegeneration, and interventions.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- TMAO and diabetes: from the gut feeling to the heart of the problem.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Review
- Evaluation of prothymosin alpha, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and ischemia-modified albumin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with dysregulated lipid profile.Qatar medical journal · 2025Article
- Gut Microbe-Generated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- The human gut microbiome in health and disease: time for a new chapter?Infection and immunity · 2024Review
- Explainable machine learning model for predicting the risk of significant liver fibrosis in patients with diabetic retinopathy.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo determine the relationship between plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and odds of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. Blood samples were obtained from 122 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with or without DR. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between plasma TMAO and DR. The diagnostic value of plasma TMAO was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).
resultsIn the T2DM patients, plasma levels of TMAO were significantly higher in patients with DR compared with those without DR (P = 0.001). As logarithmic (ln) transformation of TMAO increased per standard deviation (SD), there was higher probability to have DR [odds ratio (OR) = 2.31; P = 0.005]. As ln-transformed TMAO increased per SD, the severity of DR was more likely to get worse (OR = 2.05; P = 0.004). In the diagnostic model, the addition of TMAO contributed to the improvement in AUROC from 0.646 to 0.734 (P = 0.043), and the IDI was 10.7% (P < 0.001).
conclusionElevated levels of plasma TMAO were associated with higher odds and worse severity of DR in T2DM patients, and further investigation is required for the causality of this association.
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