Trial reportDiabetologia2021
The effects of dapagliflozin, metformin or exercise on glycaemic variability in overweight or obese individuals with prediabetes (the PRE-D Trial): a multi-arm, randomised, controlled trial.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT02695810. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Dapagliflozin, Metformin and Physical Activity on Glucose Variability, Body Composition and Cardiovascular Risk in Pre-diabetes
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of different exercise types on visceral adipose tissue and glycemic parameters in adults with stage 1 cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- GLP1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus onset: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of physical activity and different exercise modalities on glycemic control in people with prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors in Non-Diabetic Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Multiparameter MRI assessment of metformin and exercise effects on skeletal muscle in prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial.European radiology experimental · 2025Trial
- Predicting the HbAEndocrine · 2023Trial
- Discordance Between Glucose Levels Measured in Interstitial FluidFrontiers in endocrinology · 2021Trial
- The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Review
- The impact of obesity-related systemic inflammation on the efficacy, toxicity, and biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer: from mechanisms to clinical management.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Impact of yoga on cardiometabolic health in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Effects of exercise based on ACSM recommendations on individuals with a prediabetic state: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Characterising the design and methods of continuous glucose monitoring used in behavioural interventions to inform future research in prediabetes.The Lancet. Digital health · 2025Review
- Concurrent SGLT2 inhibitor use in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalised for high-dose corticosteroid therapy: Mitigated iatrogenic hyperglycaemia.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Impact of acute glycemic variability on short-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a multicenter population-based study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Observational
- SGLT2 inhibitors: Beyond glycemic control.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2024Article
- Glycaemic Variability and Hyperglycaemia as Prognostic Markers of Major Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Patients Hospitalised in Cardiology Intensive Care Unit for Acute Heart Failure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Effects of dapagliflozin in the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Review
- Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions among Chinese Adults with Prediabetes: A Protocol for Network Meta-Analysis and CHIME-Modeled Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exercise and Metformin Intervention Prevents Lipotoxicity-Induced Hepatocyte Apoptosis by Alleviating Oxidative and ER Stress and Activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in db/db Mice.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisWe aimed to investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of three glucose-lowering interventions in overweight or obese individuals with prediabetes defined by HbA
methodsThe PRE-D Trial was a randomised, controlled, parallel, multi-arm, open-label, non-blinded trial performed at Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark. One hundred and twenty participants with BMI ≥25 kg/m
resultsOne hundred and twelve participants attended the examination at 13 weeks and 111 attended the follow-up visit at 26 weeks. Compared with the control group, there was a small decrease in MAGE in the dapagliflozin group (17.1% [95% CI 0.7, 30.8], p = 0.042) and a small, non-significant, reduction in the exercise group (15.3% [95% CI -1.2, 29.1], p = 0.067), whereas MAGE was unchanged in the metformin group (0.1% [95% CI -16.1, 19.4], p = 0.991)). Compared with the metformin group, MAGE was 17.2% (95% CI 0.8, 30.9; p = 0.041) lower in the dapagliflozin group and 15.4% (95% CI -1.1, 29.1; p = 0.065) lower in the exercise group after 13 weeks, with no difference between exercise and dapagliflozin (2.2% [95% CI -14.8, 22.5], p = 0.815). One serious adverse event occurred in the control group (lung cancer). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationTreatment with dapagliflozin and interval-based exercise lead to similar but small improvements in glycaemic variability compared with control and metformin therapy. The clinical importance of these findings in prediabetes is uncertain.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02695810
fundingThe study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, AstraZeneca AB, the Danish Innovation Foundation, the University of Copenhagen and Ascensia Diabetes Care Denmark ApS Graphical abstract.
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