Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33062215›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of psychotraumatology2020

Can a 'second disaster' during and after the COVID-19 pandemic be mitigated?

Berthold P R Gersons, Geert E Smid, Annika S Smit, Evaldas Kazlauskas, Alexander McFarlane

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of psychotraumatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Berthold P R GersonsAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Geert E SmidARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9616-5234
Annika S SmitPolice Academy of the Netherlands, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands.
Evaldas KazlauskasCenter for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-6220
Alexander McFarlaneCentre for Traumatic Stress Studies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-9509

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In most disasters that have been studied, the underlying dangerous cause does not persist for very long. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic a progressively emerging life threat remains, exposing everyone to varying levels of risk of contracting the illness, dying, or infecting others. Distancing and avoiding company have a great impact on social life. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has an enormous economic impact for many losing work and income, which is even affecting basic needs such as access to food and housing. In addition, loss of loved ones may compound the effects of fear and loss of resources. The aim of this paper is to distil, from a range of published literature, lessons from past disasters to assist in mitigating adverse psychosocial reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic. European, American, and Asian studies of disasters show that long-term social and psychological consequences of disasters may compromise initial solidarity. Psychosocial disruptions, practical and financial problems, and complex community and political issues may then result in a 'second disaster'. Lessons from past disasters suggest that communities and their leaders, as well as mental healthcare providers, need to pay attention to fear regarding the ongoing threat, as well as sadness and grief, and to provide hope to mitigate social disruption.

Indexed as

• Can a ‘second disaster’ during and after the COVID-19 pandemic be mitigated? • Learning from previous disasters, a psychosocial response model is outlined based on five essential elements: sense of safety, calming, sense of self- and collective efficacy, connectedness, and hope.COVID-19emotionspandemicpsychosocial modelsecond disaster

Identifiers

PMID33062215
PMCPMC7534298

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.