ArticleOpen access rheumatology : research and reviews2020
Psychological State and Associated Factors During the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic Among Filipinos with Rheumatoid Arthritis or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Article in Open access rheumatology : research and reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
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- Pooled it
- The impact of peer support groups on the psychological well-being of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- The current state of systemic lupus erythematosus care in the Philippines: a narrative review.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Review
- The Assessment of Perceived Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Insomnia, Sleep Quality, and Drug Adherence in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus During the COVID-19 Pandemic.European journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic's effects on mental and psychosocial health in the Philippines: A scoping review.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Sexual and reproductive health while living with rheumatoid arthritis: The impact of the disease stage on patient perspectives.PloS one · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular health worsening in patients with autoimmune rheumatological diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Review
- Patient-reported distress at a cancer center during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Outcomes of Filipinos with inflammatory rheumatic diseases developing COVID-19 prior to vaccinations and new variants: a historical perspective.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Article
- The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the elderly in southwest China: A longitudinal study based on generalized estimating equations.International journal of disaster risk reduction : IJDRR · 2023Article
- The Relationship between COVID-19 Anxiety and Student Nurses' Perceived Health, Sleep Quality, and Psychological Well-being.Acta medica Philippina · 2023Article
- Depression in Saudi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2023Article
- An investigation into the relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health among Gen Z Filipinos.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic.Clinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- Psychological Implications to the Therapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Article
- Impact of Perceived Stress During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients' Disease Activity: An Online Survey.Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Patients with Rheumatic Disease in South Korea during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are perceived to be more vulnerable to worse COVID-19 infection outcome. Furthermore, severe shortage in hydroxychloroquine supply was experienced.
objectiveWe presented the psychological responses of Filipino SLE and RA patients to the COVID-19 pandemic and shortage of hydroxychloroquine supply.
methodsA total of 512 completed online surveys from SLE and RA patients were gathered from May 19 to 26, 2020. The online survey collected data on socio-demographics, health status, contact history, health service utilization, use of hydroxychloroquine, COVID-19 knowledge and concerns, precautionary measures, information needs, the validated Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) ratings.
resultsThe psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak was at least moderate in 20%. The mean IES-R score was higher among SLE (22.34, SD=14.39) than RA (18.85, SD=13.24) patients. Stress, anxiety and depression were moderate to severe in 12.3%, 38.7%, and 27.7% of respondents. The mean stress subscale score was 10.11 (SD=7.95), mean anxiety subscale score was 6.79 (SD=6.57) and mean depression subscale score was 9.03 (SD=8.77). The risk factors for adverse mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic include the presence of comorbidity of hypertension and asthma; being a healthcare worker; and presence of specific symptoms of myalgia, cough, breathing difficulty, dizziness and sore throat. The protective factors for mental health during the pandemic include satisfaction with available health information and wearing of face masks.
conclusionIn the third month of the pandemic in the Philippines, 20% of the respondents with lupus and RA experienced moderate to severe psychological impact. There was moderate to severe anxiety in 38.7% and moderate to severe depression in 27%. Identification of factors that affect mental health in lupus and RA is useful in implementation of effective psychological support strategies.
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Registered trials
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