Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33061481›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2020

Estimating the Prevalence and Mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the USA, the UK, Russia, and India.

Yongbin Wang, Chunjie Xu, Sanqiao Yao, Yingzheng Zhao, Yuchun Li, Lei Wang, Xiangmei Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Estimating the infection burden of COVID-19 in Malaysia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022
    Article
  4. Comparison of ARIMA, ETS, NNAR, TBATS and hybrid models to forecast the second wave of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Italy.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Forecasting COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta, Canada using modified ARIMA models.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine update · 2021
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yongbin Wang *Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
Chunjie Xu *Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Sanqiao YaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
Yingzheng ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
Yuchun LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
Lei WangCenter for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Xiangmei ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study is to apply the advanced error-trend-seasonal (ETS) framework to forecast the prevalence and mortality series of COVID-19 in the USA, the UK, Russia, and India, and the predictive performance of the ETS framework was compared with the most frequently used autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe prevalence and mortality data of COVID-19 in the USA, the UK, Russia, and India between 20 February 2020 and 15 May 2020 were extracted from the WHO website. Then, the data subsamples between 20 February 2020 and 3 May 2020 were treated as the training horizon, and the others were used as the testing horizon to construct the ARIMA models and the ETS models.

resultsBased on the model evaluation criteria, the ARIMA (0,2,1) and ETS (M,MD,N), sparse coefficient ARIMA (0,2,(1,6)) and ETS (A,AD,M), ARIMA (1,1,1) and ETS (A,MD,A), together with ARIMA (2,2,1) and ETS (A,M,A) specifications were identified as the preferred ARIMA and ETS models for the prevalence data in the USA, the UK, Russia, and India, respectively; the ARIMA (0,2,1) and ETS (M,A,M), ARIMA (0,2,1) and ETS (M,A,N), ARIMA (0,2,1) and ETS (A,A,N), coupled with ARIMA (0,2,2) and ETS (M,M,N) specifications were selected as the optimal ARIMA and ETS models for the mortality data in these four countries, respectively. Among these best-fitting models, the ETS models produced smaller forecasting error rates than the ARIMA models in all the datasets.

conclusionThe ETS framework can be used to nowcast and forecast the long-term temporal trends of the COVID-19 prevalence and mortality in the USA, the UK, Russia, and India, and which provides a notable performance improvement over the most frequently used ARIMA model. Our findings can aid governments as a reference to prepare for and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic both in restricting the transmission of the disease and in lowering the disease-related deaths in the upcoming days.

Indexed as

ARIMA modelcoronavirus disease 2019epidemiological indicatorsETS modelnowcastingoutbreak

Identifiers

PMID33061481
PMCPMC7532899

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.