Observational studyBMJ open2020
Raised inflammatory markers as a predictor of one-year mortality: a cohort study in primary care in the UK using electronic health record data.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of fish intake with all-cause mortality according to CRP levels or inflammation in older adults: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Circulating Malondialdehyde Is a Potential Biomarker for Predicting All-Cause Mortality during Follow-Up by Reflecting Comprehensive Inflammation at Diagnosis in Patients with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Protein Supplementation May Dampen Positive Effects of Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis: A Pilot Weight Loss Intervention.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Blood inflammatory markers and mortality in the US population: A Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) analysis.PloS one · 2023Article
- Inflammation and poverty as individual and combined predictors of 15-year mortality risk in middle aged and older adults in the US.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesIdentification of patients at increased mortality risk is important in the context of increasing multimorbidity and an ageing population, to help facilitate the planning and delivery of services. The aim of this study was to examine 1-year all-cause mortality in a cohort of primary care patients in whom inflammatory markers including C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and plasma viscosity (PV), had been tested.
designObservational cohort study using general practitioner Electronic Health Records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, with linkage to Office for National Statistics (ONS) Death Registry.
settingUK Primary Care.
participants159 325 patients with inflammatory marker tests done in 2014 and 39 928 age, sex and practice-matched controls without inflammatory marker testing. ONS Death registry data were available for 109 966 participants. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: One-year mortality in those with raised inflammatory markers compared with normal inflammatory markers and untested controls. Subanalyses stratified 1-year mortality by age group, gender and cause of death.
resultsPatients with a raised inflammatory marker (n=47 797) had an overall 1-year all-cause mortality of 6.89%, compared with 1.41% in those with normal inflammatory markers (p<0.001) and 1.62% in untested controls. A raised CRP is associated with the highest mortality rate at 8.76% compared with 4.99% for ESR and 4.66% for PV. One-year mortality is higher in men with a raised inflammatory marker compared with women (9.78% vs 5.29%). The C-statistic of a simple mortality prediction model containing age, sex and CRP test result is 0.89.
conclusionsInflammatory markers are a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in primary care, with a C-statistic comparable to several previously developed frailty indices. Future research should consider the added value of CRP testing, in combination with other risk factors, to improve prediction of mortality in primary care. Evidence- based interventions for frailty are needed alongside predictive tools.
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