ArticleDiabetes care2020
Contrasting Associations Between Diabetes and Cardiovascular Mortality Rates in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: Cohort Study Data From 143,567 Individuals in 21 Countries in the PURE Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus versus Normoglycemia Identified through High-Throughput Proteomics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of proteome research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist-based regimens compared with metformin-based regimens for preventing cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with prediabetes among older adults in India: evidence from a national survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- A Review on the Double Burden of Diabetes and Myocardial Infarction: Healthcare Challenges and Future Prospects in Low and Middle-Income Countries.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Global detection and management of dysglycaemic patients with coronary artery disease results from the INTERASPIRE survey from 14 countries across six WHO regions.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Diabetes and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults in China, England, Mexico, rural South Africa, and the USA: a population-based study of longitudinal aging cohorts.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- Multiple long-term conditions as the next transition in the global diabetes epidemic.Communications medicine · 2025Review
- Understanding the relationship between the frequency of HbA1c monitoring, HbA1c changes over time, and the achievement of targets: a retrospective cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Complication development trajectories for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from a five-million retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with the use of traditional medicine in individuals with hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycaemia, and arterial hypertension in Ecuador: results from a population-based study in two health districts.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- Achievement of recommended targets for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with diabetes in 38 low- and middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Review
- The role of peripheral white blood cell counts in the association between central adiposity and glycemic status.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Article
- Assessing Global, Regional, and National Time Trends and Associated Risk Factors of the Mortality in Ischemic Heart Disease Through Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study: Population-Based Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Trends in all-cause mortality among adults with diagnosed type 2 diabetes in West Malaysia: 2010 - 2019.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- Risk Factors, Use of Preventive Drugs, and Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes Mellitus: The PURE Türkiye Cohort.Anatolian journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- The role of structural racism and geographical inequity in diabetes outcomes.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Review
- Impact of diabetes on longevity and disability-free life expectancy among older South African adults: A prospective longitudinal analysis.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
34 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to compare cardiovascular (CV) events, all-cause mortality, and CV mortality rates among adults with and without diabetes in countries with differing levels of income. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThe Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study enrolled 143,567 adults aged 35-70 years from 4 high-income countries (HIC), 12 middle-income countries (MIC), and 5 low-income countries (LIC). The mean follow-up was 9.0 ± 3.0 years.
resultsAmong those with diabetes, CVD rates (LIC 10.3, MIC 9.2, HIC 8.3 per 1,000 person-years,
conclusionsCVD rates, all-cause mortality, and CV mortality were markedly higher among those with diabetes in LIC compared with MIC and HIC with mortality risk remaining unchanged even after adjustment for risk factors and treatments. There is an urgent need to improve access to care to those with diabetes in LIC to reduce the excess mortality rates, particularly among those in the poorer strata of society.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.