ReviewMultiple sclerosis and related disorders2020
Review of approved NMO therapies based on mechanism of action, efficacy and long-term effects.
Review in Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global landscape of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder clinical trials: trends in therapies, geography, and outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Long-Term Ravulizumab Efficacy and Safety in AQP4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Final CHAMPION-NMOSD Results.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Trial
- The IL-1β-STING Signaling Axis Drives Neuromyelitis Optica Pathogenesis in a Murine Model.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- [Characterization of Immune Reconstitution Patterns in B-cell Subsets Mediated by B-cell Targeted Therapies].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness and safety of eculizumab in AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles as antigen-specific therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in the mouse model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Rituximab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A 5-Year Observational Study.CNS drugs · 2025Observational
- Health Technology Assessment: Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- B cell depletion as a therapeutic strategy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: rationale, evidence, and challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A new perspective on therapies involving B-cell depletion in autoimmune diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) - revised recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part II: Attack therapy and long-term management.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- A Clinical Approach to Existing and Emerging Therapeutics in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- High-efficacy therapies reduce clinical and radiological events more effectively than traditional treatments in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- International Delphi Consensus on the Management of AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD: Recommendations for Eculizumab, Inebilizumab, and Satralizumab.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- ACT001 Relieves NMOSD Symptoms by Reducing Astrocyte Damage with an Autoimmune Antibody.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intruders or protectors - the multifaceted role of B cells in CNS disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Contemporary management challenges in seropositive NMOSD.Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Systemic Lupus Erythematous and Neuromyelitis Optica Causing Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure.The American journal of case reports · 2022Article
- Cytokine dynamics and targeted immunotherapies in autoimmune encephalitis.Brain communications · 2022Review
- Neuromyelitis Optica in a Healthy Female After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine.Cureus · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceNeuromyelitis optica (NMO - including NMO spectrum disorders [NMOSD]) is a devastating disease. Eighty-three percent of patients with transverse myelitic (TM) attacks and 67% of patients with optic neuritis (ON) attacks have no or a partial recovery. OBSERVATIONS: Up until recently, there was no proven agent to treat to prevent relapses. The neuro-immunological community had a dearth of indicated agents for NMOSD. We now have three agents indicated for the treatment of NMO including (eculizumab [Soliris®]), an anti-C5 complement inhibitor, satralizumab (ENSRYNG®), a monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) that blocks B cell antibody production and inebilizumab (Uplinza®), a monoclonal antibody that binds to the B-cell surface antigen CD19 with subsequent B and plasmablast cell lymphocytolysis with decreasing antibody production. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell bone marrow transplantation (AHSCBMT) has also been used. How do we sequence NMO therapies with the understanding of the acuteness and severity of the disease, the individual mechanism of action (MOA) and rapidity of onset of action, onset of efficacy and long-term safety of each agent? CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: We might suggest the following sequence - 1st line using eculizumab for rapid efficacy and stabilization without effect on the acquired immune system followed by satrilizumab (long term immunomodulation). Reserve inebilizumab (immunosuppressant) for breakthrough disease and salvage the severe with AHSCBMT. In NMO, control the complement, transition to modulation, and reserve suppression - and salvage the severe with AHSCBMT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.