ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2021
Inpatient Pediatric CKD Health Care Utilization and Mortality in the United States.
Article in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Little kidneys amid large global inequities.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Pediatric kidney transplant disparities.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Vaccination in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Status and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2025Review
- A Within-Trial Economic Evaluation of a Patient Navigator Program in Children With CKD.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- In vivo assessment of pediatric kidney function using multi-parametric and multi-nuclear functional magnetic resonance imaging: challenges, perspectives, and clinical applications.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Particularities in the "Oldie but Goldie" Tc-99m DMSA Renography: A Retrospective Reference Centre Overview of 931 Children.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Economic burden of inpatient hospitalizations for pediatric chronic kidney disease in the US.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Youth With Chronic Kidney Disease.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Insight into prevalence, etiology, and modalities of pediatric chronic dialysis: a comprehensive nationwide analysis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- The impact of rural status on pediatric chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Over 24 Months in Pediatric CKD: Findings From the MyKidneyHealth Cohort Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2023Article
- The spectrum and changes of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Chinese children.Journal of nephrology · 2023Article
- Health and Dental Insurance and Health Care Utilization Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With CKD: Findings From the CKiD Cohort Study.Kidney medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RATIONALE &
objectiveThe impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on inpatient health care use is unknown. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of pediatric CKD among children hospitalized in the United States and examine the association of CKD with hospital outcomes. STUDY
designCross-sectional national survey of pediatric discharges. SETTING &
participantsHospital discharges of children (aged>28 days to 19 years) with a chronic medical diagnosis included in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database for 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2016. PREDICTOR: Presence of primary or coexisting CKD as identified by diagnosis codes. OUTCOMES: Length of stay (LOS), cost, and mortality. ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Multivariable analysis using Poisson, gamma, and logistic regressions were performed for LOS, cost, and mortality, respectively.
resultsA chronic medical condition was present in 6,524,745 estimated discharges during the study period and CKD was present among 3.9% of discharges (96.1% without CKD). Those with CKD had a longer LOS (median of 2.8 [IQR, 1.4-6.0] days compared with 1.8 [IQR, 1.0-4.4] days for those without a CKD diagnosis; P<0.001). Median cost was higher in the CKD group compared with the group without CKD, at $8,755 (IQR, $4,563-18,345) and $5,016 (IQR, $2,860-10,109) per hospitalization, respectively (P<0.001). Presence of CKD was associated with a longer LOS (29.9% [95% CI, 27.2%-32.6%] longer than those without CKD), higher cost (61.3% [95% CI, 57.4%-65.4%] greater than those without CKD), and higher risk for mortality (OR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.40-1.63]). LIMITATIONS: Lack of access to and adjustment for confounders including patient readmission and laboratory data.
conclusionsPediatric CKD was associated with longer LOS, higher costs, and higher risk for mortality compared with hospitalizations with other chronic illnesses. Further studies are needed to better understand the health care needs and delivery of care to hospitalized children with CKD.
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