ReviewInsights into imaging2020
Imaging features and differential diagnoses of non-neoplastic diffuse mediastinal diseases.
Review in Insights into imaging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute mediastinitis, mediastinal granuloma, and fibrosing mediastinitis: a narrative review.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2026Review
- A retrospective clinical analysis of pediatric mediastinal space-occupying lesions in a Chinese children's hospital from 2015 to 2024.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Manifestations and Interventions in Children Living in a Histoplasmosis Endemic Region.Pediatric cardiology · 2025Article
- Fibrosing Mediastinitis in a 5-Year-Old Labrador Retriever.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- AI-based volumetric six-tissue body composition quantification from CT cardiac attenuation scans for mortality prediction: a multicentre study.The Lancet. Digital health · 2025Article
- Relapsing polychondritis: tracheobronchial involvement and differential diagnoses.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Image Findings from Dual-phase Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography for Diagnosing Tuberculosis-associated Fibrosing Mediastinitis.Current medical imaging · 2025Article
- B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Mimicking Fibrosing Mediastinitis: A Case Report and Diagnostic Insight.The American journal of case reports · 2024Article
- Diagnostic enigma of pulmonary hypertension: Tale from a series of three patients.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2024Article
- Non-IgG4-Related Fibrosing Mediastinitis Diagnosed on Core Needle Biopsy and Treated with Steroids: A Case Study and Review of the Differential Diagnoses.International journal of surgical pathology · 2024Review
- Article
- Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Fibrosing Mediastinitis.JACC. Asia · 2022Review
- Chest X-ray features facilitate screening for pulmonary hypertension caused by fibrosing mediastinitis.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute or chronic non-neoplastic diffuse mediastinal diseases have multiple causes, degrees of severity, and a wide range of management. Some situations require emergency care while others do not need specific treatment. Although the diagnosis may be suspected on chest X-ray, it is mainly based on CT. A delayed recognition is not uncommonly observed. Some findings may prompt the radiologist to look for specific associated injuries or lesions.This pictorial review will successively describe the various non-neoplastic causes of diffuse mediastinal diseases with their typical findings and major differentials.First, pneumomediastinum that can be provoked by extra- or intra-thoracic triggers requires the knowledge of patient's history or recent occurrences. Absence of any usual etiological factor should raise suspicion of cocaine inhalation in young individuals.Next, acute mediastinitis may be related to post-operative complications, esophageal perforation, or contiguous spread of odontogenic or retropharyngeal infections. The former diagnosis is not an easy task in the early stage, owing to the similarities of imaging findings with those of normal post-operative appearance during the first 2-3 weeks.Finally, fibrosing mediastinitis that is linked to an excessive fibrotic reaction in the mediastinum with variable compromise of mediastinal structures, in particular vascular and airway ones. Differential diagnosis includes tumoral and inflammatory infiltrations of the mediastinum.
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