ReviewGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2021
Pachychoroid: current concepts on clinical features and pathogenesis.
Review in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical characteristics of pachychoroid-associated choroidal ossification.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Steroidome Dysregulation and Complement C4 Copy Number Variation in Men With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Long-term analysis of intravitreal brolucizumab in recalcitrant cases of chronic central serous retinopathy complicated by neovascularization (pachychoroid neovasculopathy).Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Pachychoroid-Related Pigment Epithelial Detachment Treated with Photodynamic Therapy.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Clinical and multimodal imaging characteristics of acute central serous chorioretinopathy with fibrinous exudation.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Changes in choroidal vessel morphology associated with fluid leakage in central serous chorioretinopathy; a comparison of OCTA and ICGA.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy: new options for an old disease.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Short-Wavelength and Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Predictive factors for the efficacy of brolucizumab in refractory polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy following aflibercept resistance.PloS one · 2025Observational
- Three-year outcome of photodynamic therapy combined with VEGF inhibitor for pachychoroid neovasculopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Observational
- Visual functions and multimodal imaging of patients with idiopathic focal choroidal excavation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2024Article
- Retinal Layer and Choroidal Changes in Deep and Scuba Divers: Evidence of Pachychoroid Spectrum-Like Findings.Journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Presentation and outcome of central serous chorioretinopathy with and without pachychoroid.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Association between Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Multimodal Retinal Imaging.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Choroidal Vein Alterations in Pachychoroid Disease With Choroidal Vascular Hyperpermeability: Evaluated by Wide-Field Indocyanine Green Angiography.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Does the Presence of the Cilioretinal Artery Affect the Incidence, Clinical Picture and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Influence of Clinical and Genetic Factors on the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A 3-Year Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- A study of the relationship between cytokine levels and the response to anti-VEGF therapy in polypoid choroidal vasculopathy with different choroidal thicknesses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe term "pachychoroid" refers to a newly described phenotype in which functional and structural choroidal changes are thought to play a key pathogenic role in a spectrum of related retinal disorders. A more detailed understanding of how the choroid is involved within this spectrum and a better knowledge of the most relevant clinical signs of the pachychoroid phenotype are important to differentiate these disorders from other retinal conditions. Our objectives are to provide a literature review of pachychoroid and the commonalities that may be present across pathologies included in the spectrum, and to provide details on the examination, monitoring, and management of these disorders.
methodsWe searched the PubMed web platform to identify relevant studies using the following keywords: pachychoroid, pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization, focal choroidal excavation, peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome, vasculopathy pachysclera, pachychoroid geographic atrophy, and pachydrusen. We selected 157 publications and identified the most important features related to pachychoroid.
resultsThe presence of hypertrophic or congested vessels in the choroid, not thickened choroid per se, under an area of reduced or absent choriocapillaris in the posterior pole seems to be the most salient feature of pachychoroid. However, other qualitative/quantitative features are needed to differentiate the uncomplicated pachychoroid from the pathological pachychoroid clinical spectrum, which may be associated with exudation, neovascularization, and/or retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor atrophy.
conclusionsThe most salient feature of pachychoroid appears to be the presence of large vessels under an area of reduced or absent choriocapillaris. Knowledge of the features and pathogenesis of the different disorders in the pachychoroid spectrum may assist in the management of patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.