Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33057901›Full record

ArticlePhysical and engineering sciences in medicine2020

Time series and fractal analyses of wheezing: a novel approach.

M S Swapna, A Renjini, Vimal Raj, S Sreejyothi, S Sankararaman

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Physical and engineering sciences in medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

M S SwapnaDepartment of Optoelectronics, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India.
A RenjiniDepartment of Optoelectronics, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India.
Vimal RajDepartment of Optoelectronics, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India.
S SreejyothiDepartment of Optoelectronics, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India.
S SankararamanDepartment of Optoelectronics, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India. drssraman@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5374-6517
University of Kerala · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the outbreak of the pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019, the world is in search of novel non-invasive methods for safer and early detection of lung diseases. The pulmonary pathological symptoms reflected through the lung sound opens a possibility of detection through auscultation and of employing spectral, fractal, nonlinear time series and principal component analyses. Thirty-five signals of vesicular and expiratory wheezing breath sound, subjected to spectral analyses shows a clear distinction in terms of time duration, intensity, and the number of frequency components. An investigation of the dynamics of air molecules during respiration using phase portrait, Lyapunov exponent, sample entropy, fractal dimension, and Hurst exponent helps in understanding the degree of complexity arising due to the presence of mucus secretions and constrictions in the respiratory airways. The feature extraction of the power spectral density data and the application of principal component analysis helps in distinguishing vesicular and expiratory wheezing and thereby, giving a ray of hope in accomplishing an early detection of pulmonary diseases through sound signal analysis.

Indexed as

FractalsHumansPrincipal Component AnalysisRespirationRespiratory SoundsSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedTime FactorsWavelet AnalysisAuscultationFractalsNonlinear time series analysisSample entropyWheeze

Identifiers

PMID33057901
PMCPMC7556586
OpenAlexW3092888311

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.