ReviewPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2021
When should we start and stop ACEi/ARB in paediatric chronic kidney disease?
Review in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of losartan on uric acid metabolism in children with proteinuric kidney disease: crossover randomized controlled clinical trial.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Trial
- Characterizing children with chronic kidney disease and severe proteinuria in the United States: a retrospective analysis using electronic health records.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- SGLT2i, anti-endothelin A and double endothelin and angiotensin inhibitors: a new future for chronic kidney disease in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Contrast-induced acute kidney injury and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Renal Response Status and Long-Term Kidney Outcomes in Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: recent advancements shaping future guidelines.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Clinical spectrum, genetics and management insights of PAX2-related disorder in nine children.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Development of clinical and laboratory biomarkers in an international cohort of 428 children with lupus nephritis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic drug monitoring in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a state of the art review.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- Long-term outcomes with rituximab as add-on therapy in severe childhood-onset lupus nephritis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Hyperkalemia in pediatric chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Case report: Withdrawal of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in children with advanced chronic kidney disease and rapidly declining kidney function.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Use of renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors in children with lupus and time to glucocorticoid discontinuation.Kidney international · 2022Article
- Educational Review: The Impact of Perinatal Oxidative Stress on the Developing Kidney.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Yishen Qingli Heluo Granule in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Validation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors (RAASi) are the mainstay therapy in both adult and paediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD). RAASi slow down the progression of kidney failure by optimization of blood pressure and reduction of proteinuria. Despite recommendations from published guidelines in adults, the evidence related to the use of RAASi is surprisingly scarce in children. Moreover, their role in advanced CKD remains controversial. Without much guidance from the literature, paediatric nephrologists may discontinue RAASi in patients with advanced CKD due to apparent worsening of kidney function, hyperkalaemia and hypotension. Current data suggest that this strategy may in fact lead to a more rapid decline in kidney function. The optimal approach in this clinical scenario is still not well defined and there are varying practices worldwide. We will in this review describe the existing evidence on the use of RAASi in CKD with particular focus on paediatric data. We will also address the use of RAASi in advanced CKD and discuss the potential benefits and harms. At the end, we will suggest a practical approach for the use of RAASi in children with CKD based on current state of knowledge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.