Trial reportScientific reports2020
Sleeping late is a risk factor for myopia development amongst school-aged children in China.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 44 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Association between sleep and myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Associations between systemic melatonin and human myopia: A systematic review.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023Pooled it
- Sleep duration and the risk of major eye disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Validation of a Multimodal Wearable Device for Assessing Environmental and Behavioral Risk Factors of Myopia in Children and Adolescents.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Mesopic Illumination in Natural Environments: Implications for Myopia Research.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- The Light-Eye-Brain Axis: Neurobiological Links Between Mood Disorders and Myopia-A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Objective pulse wave amplitude as a potential systemic correlate in childhood myopia: a digital TCM-based study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep duration and adolescent vision outcomes: evidence from rural China.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Myopia: a review of current concepts, association with nonophthalmological conditions, and treatment strategy in children and adolescents.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Myopia Prevalence and Associated Factors among Secondary School Students in Finote Selam Town, Northwest Ethiopia.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2025Article
- A Self-Generated Electricity-Driven Sclera reinforcement bionic piezoelectric patch for Management of High Myopia.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Exploring parental preferences for childhood obesity prevention program in China: a discrete choice experiment.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sleep Duration, Sleep Habits, and Social Jetlag From 4 to 6 years Their Impacts on Myopia Among School-Aged Children: The Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Frequency of myopia and associated risk factors in the adolescent population (10-16 years) of Karachi, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of potential myopia risk factors, including chronotype, in Estonian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Myopia Among Schoolchildren and the Impact of Increased Screen Time: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Review
- The influence of the environment and lifestyle on myopia.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myopia, a leading cause of distance vision impairment, is projected to affect half of the world's population in 30 years. We analysed the relationship between certain demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors and myopia from a 2-year school-based, prospective trial conducted in Shanghai, China. This trial enrolled 6295 school-aged children at baseline and followed them up for 24 months. The relationship between abovementioned factors and myopia was examined and the role of sleep in childhood myopia development was highlighted. Our results suggest that 'sleeping late' is a risk factor for myopia prevalence at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, p = 0.04), 2-year myopia incidence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44, p = 0.02) and progression over 24 months (p = 0.005), after adjusting for residency area, age, gender, sleep duration, and time spent outdoors. The identification and consistency of results with late sleepers being a susceptible group to both myopia onset and progression suggests a complex relationship between circadian rhythm, indoor environment, habitual indoor activities and myopia development and progression. These results can offer new insights to future myopia aetiology studies as well as aid in decision-making of myopia prevention strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.