Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33057118›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

The impact of handling technique and handling frequency on laboratory mouse welfare is sex-specific.

Federica Sensini, Dragos Inta, Rupert Palme, Christiane Brandwein, Natascha Pfeiffer, Marco Andrea Riva, Peter Gass, Anne Stephanie Mallien

Open access · goldAbstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Enhancing Rodent Welfare, Cost Savings, and Efficiency: Implementation and Review of Data-Driven Improvements.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026
    Review
  4. Enhancing Laboratory Animal Welfare through Motivational Training of Facility Personnel: A One Welfare Approach.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Effects of Nesting Material and Housing Parameters on Feed Wastage Behavior in Female Swiss Webster Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2024
    Article
  19. Effects of Intermittent Harem Mating on Parturition-induced Stress and Success Rate of Weaning in C57BL/6JNarl Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Federica SensiniDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Dragos IntaRG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Rupert PalmeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Christiane BrandweinRG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Natascha PfeifferRG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Marco Andrea RivaDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Peter GassRG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Anne Stephanie MallienRG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. anne.mallien@zi-mannheim.de.
Central Institute of Mental Health · DEUniversity Hospital Heidelberg · DEUniversity of Milan · ITUniversity of Basel · CHUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Vienna · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Handling is a well-known source of stress to laboratory animals and can affect variability of results and even compromise animal welfare. The conventional tail handling in mice has been shown to induce aversion and anxiety-like behaviour. Recent findings demonstrate that the use of alternative handling techniques, e.g. tunnel handling, can mitigate negative handling-induced effects. Here, we show that technique and frequency of handling influence affective behaviour and stress hormone release of subjects in a sex-dependent manner. While frequent tail handling led to a reduction of wellbeing-associated burrowing and increased despair-like behaviour in male mice, females seemed unaffected. Instead, they displayed a stress response to a low handling frequency, which was not detectable in males. This could suggest that in terms of refinement, the impact in handling could differ between the sexes. Independently from this observation, both sexes preferred to interact with the tunnel. Mice generally explored the tunnel more often than the tail-handling hands of the experimenter and showed more positively rated approaches, e.g. touching or climbing, and at the same time, less defensive burrowing, indicating a strong preference for the tunnel.

Indexed as

Animal WelfareAnimal HusbandryAnimalsAnimals, LaboratoryAnxietyBehavior, AnimalFemaleHandling, PsychologicalMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLSex Factors

Identifiers

PMID33057118
PMCPMC7560820
OpenAlexW3092751927

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.