ArticleScientific reports2020
Skin hydration dynamics investigated by electrical impedance techniques in vivo and in vitro.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Effect of pH on niacinamide skin permeation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multimodal skin care system using combined image and impedance-based diagnostics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Impact of hydration on electrodermal activity: A Comparison between AC bioimpedance and DC skin potential metrics.Journal of electrical bioimpedance · 2026Article
- Cracking the Skin Barrier: Models and Methods Driving Dermal Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Stimulation of High-Conductivity Points in Human Skin Reduces Biotin Levels to Modulate Intracellular Metabolism and Local Energy Production.Health science reports · 2025Article
- From Lab to Workplace: Efficacy of Skin Protection Creams Against Hydrophobic Working Materials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- New Insights on Hydration Monitoring in Elderly Patients by Interdigitated Wearable Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Stretchable and Transparent Electrode for Visual Electrophysiological Acquisition.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Possible Use of the SUDOSCAN Nephropathy Risk Score in Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis: Application in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Capacitive Biosensing of Skin Irritants Using a Lanolin-Based Artificial Stratum Corneum Model.Biosensors · 2025Article
- In-body current path manipulation with minimal attenuation.Science advances · 2025Article
- Comparative Physicochemical and Pharmacotechnical Evaluation of Three Topical Gel-Cream Formulations.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A micro-to-macroscale and multi-method investigation of human sweating dynamics.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- Recent Advancements in Wearable Hydration-Monitoring Technologies: Scoping Review of Sensors, Trends, and Future Directions.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Article
- Motion artifact-controlled micro-brain sensors between hair follicles for persistent augmented reality brain-computer interfaces.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Survey Defining Lip Health-Dermatology and Health Care Providers' Perspectives.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Skin is easily accessible for transdermal drug delivery and also attractive for biomarker sampling. These applications are strongly influenced by hydration where elevated hydration generally leads to increased skin permeability. Thus, favorable transdermal delivery and extraction conditions can be easily obtained by exploiting elevated skin hydration. Here, we provide a detailed in vivo and in vitro investigation of the skin hydration dynamics using three techniques based on electrical impedance spectroscopy. Good correlation between in vivo and in vitro results is demonstrated, which implies that simple but realistic in vitro models can be used for further studies related to skin hydration (e.g., cosmetic testing). Importantly, the results show that hydration proceeds in two stages. Firstly, hydration between 5 and 10 min results in a drastic skin impedance change, which is interpreted as filling of superficial voids in skin with conducting electrolyte solution. Secondly, a subtle impedance change is observed over time, which is interpreted as leveling of the water gradient across skin leading to structural relaxation/changes of the macromolecular skin barrier components. With respect to transdermal drug delivery and extraction of biomarkers; 1 h of hydration is suggested to result in beneficial and stable conditions in terms of high skin permeability and extraction efficiency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.