Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33054709›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health and preventive medicine2020

Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use among men in India: findings from a nationally representative data.

Md Shariful Islam, K M Saif-Ur-Rahman, Md Mofijul Islam Bulbul, Deepak Singh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health and preventive medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Review
  8. Prevalence, Sources, and Correlates of Second-hand Smoke Exposure Among Non-smoking Pregnant Women in India.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025
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  19. Gendered Pattern and Predictors of Tobacco use in India: Evidence from the Second Round of Global adult Tobacco Survey.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
    Article
  20. Factors Influencing the Consumption of Tobacco amongst the Khasi Indigenous People in Northeast India.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Md Shariful IslamPublic Health Foundation, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh. sharifulmi12@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3015-0830
K M Saif-Ur-Rahmanicddr,b, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh.
Md Mofijul Islam BulbulNational Nutrition Services, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh.
Deepak SinghPATH, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco consumption causes almost 638,000 premature deaths per year in India. This study sought to examine the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use among men in India.

methodsWe analyzed data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey in India. These nationally representative cross-sectional sample data were collected from January 20, 2015, to December 4, 2016. A total of 112,122 men aged 15-54 years were included in this study. Primary outcomes were tobacco use categorized into smoking, smokeless, any tobacco, and both smoked and smokeless tobacco use. Complex survey design and sampling weights were applied in both the descriptive analyses and logistic regression models. We present the findings using odds ratios.

resultsThe prevalence of tobacco use among men in India for the studied period was 45.5% (95% CI 44.9-46.1), smoking was 24.6% (95% CI 24.1-25.1), smokeless tobacco use was 29.1% (95% CI 28.6-29.6), and both smoked and smokeless tobacco use was 8.4% (95% CI 8.1-8.7). The prevalence of tobacco use among men was higher among the elderly, separated/divorced/widowed individuals, those with lower education and wealth status, alcohol consumers, manual workers, and residents of the northeast region. Multivariate analysis showed that age, lower education, occupation, region, alcohol consumption, separated/divorced/widowed status, and economic status were substantially associated with tobacco use among Indian men.

conclusionsInnovative and cost-effective strategies targeting high-risk groups are crucial to curbing the tobacco epidemic in India. Anti-smoking campaigns should also focus on mitigating alcohol abuse. Reducing tobacco marketing and implementing formal education about the dangers of tobacco use, progressive taxing, packaging, and labeling of tobacco products and price strategies should be harmonized in legal provisions.

Indexed as

Socioeconomic FactorsAdolescentAdultHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceTobacco UseYoung AdultDeterminantsFactorsIndiaPrevalenceSmokeless tobaccoTobacco consumptionTobacco smoking

Identifiers

PMID33054709
PMCPMC7559409

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.