ReviewRheumatology (Oxford, England)2020
Intestinal and enthesis innate immunity in early axial spondyloarthropathy.
Review in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ankylosing spondylitis risk factors: a systematic literature review.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Pooled it
- Mechanical Strain-Programmed SDC1Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Pathophysiological Significance of Dual Inhibition of IL-17A and IL-17F in Psoriatic Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Arthritis and the Environment: Causes and Consequences of Spondyloarthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Genetic Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Second-Line Therapy Need in Crohn's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Spondyloarthritides: From Scientific and Therapeutic Immobility to the Forefront of Rheumatology Research.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2024Article
- Electrospinning technology: a promising approach for tendon-bone interface tissue engineering.RSC advances · 2024Review
- Exploring the Pathogenesis of Spondylarthritis beyond HLA-B27: A Descriptive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Role of Early Treatment in the Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis: Challenges and Opportunities.Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Review
- Biologic Treatment Modification Efficacy in Concurrent Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study at a Single Tertiary Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The bone marrow side of axial spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Spondyloarthritis with inflammatory bowel disease: the latest on biologic and targeted therapies.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Human Leukocyte Antigen B27-Negative Axial Spondyloarthritis: What Do We Know?ACR open rheumatology · 2023Review
- Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Literature Review-Based Cohort.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Scaffold-based tissue engineering strategies for soft-hard interface regeneration.Regenerative biomaterials · 2023Review
- Joint involvement, disease activity and quality of life in pediatric Crohn's disease - a cross-sectional study.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2022Observational
- Disease activity indices in psoriatic arthritis: current and evolving concepts.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Review
- The Potential Role of Genetics, Environmental Factors, and Gut Dysbiosis in the Aberrant Non-Coding RNA Expression to Mediate Inflammation and Osteoclastogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation in Ankylosing Spondylitis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Immunopathophysiology of Juvenile Spondyloarthritis (jSpA): The "Out of the Box" View on Epigenetics, Neuroendocrine Pathways and Role of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF).Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Why Inhibition of IL-23 Lacked Efficacy in Ankylosing Spondylitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Axial SpA (axSpA), encompassing AS, is a multifactorial disease that localizes to sites of high spinal biomechanical stress. Much has been written on T cells and adaptive immunity in axSpA, which is understandable given the very strong HLA-B27 disease association. Extra-axial disease characteristically involves the anterior uveal tract, aortic root, lung apex and terminal ileum. Under recent classification, axSpA is classified as an intermediate between autoimmunity and autoinflammatory disease, with the latter term being synonymous with innate immune dysregulation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the 'danger signals' from both the exogenous intestinal microbiotal adjuvants or pathogen-associated molecular patterns that access the circulation and endogenously derived damaged self-tissue or damage-associated molecular patterns derived from entheses and other sites of high biomechanical stress or damage that may serve as key drivers of axSpA onset, evolution, disease flares and eventual outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.