ReviewRheumatology (Oxford, England)2020
Classification vs diagnostic criteria: the challenge of diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis.
Review in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The efficacy and safety of adalimumab in treating axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- The role of deep learning in diagnostic imaging of spondyloarthropathies: a systematic review.European radiology · 2025Pooled it
- Predictors of long-term clinical response in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis receiving certolizumab pegol.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Trial
- Independent association and discriminative performance of the timed up and go test for disease activity and functional status in ankylosing spondylitis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- The Integrin Signature of Ankylosing Spondylitis: Divergent Regulation of CD29 and CD49b in HLA-B27-Positive Cohorts in Iraqi Patients.Iranian journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Clinical Utility of Repeat Sacroiliac Joint MRI in Patients Evaluated for Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Real-World Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Global research status and trends in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis from 2005 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Prevalence, characteristics, and screening of spondyloarthritis in Japanese patients with early inflammatory bowel diseases: a prospective multidisciplinary study.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Spondyloarthritis in Latin America: a difficult-to-diagnose challenge.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2026Review
- Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with axial spondyloarthritis receiving biotherapy and associated factors: a prospective cohort study.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- Integrative mass spectrometry-driven multi-omics and single cell technologies in ankylosing spondylitis: insights into pathogenesis, biomarker discovery, and precision medicine.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Connective tissue changes in Ehlers-Danlos syndromes with and without axial spondyloarthropathy.Journal of ultrasound · 2025Article
- Intraoperative 3D Navigation-Guided Resection of Enlarged Transverse Process for Treating Bertolotti Syndrome Unresponsive to Noninvasive Treatments: Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Artificial Intelligence (AI) among Rheumatology Professionals: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of Inflammation and Radiographic Progression in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Clinical Evaluation of Leptin, Adiponectin, TNF-α, and IL-17A.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Metabolomics in spondylarthritis.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- The association and clinical significance of hematological biomarkers in ankylosing spondylitis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enhanced diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis using machine learning with sacroiliac joint MRI: a multicenter study.Insights into imaging · 2025Article
- Risk factors for non-responsiveness to 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis identified using retrospective clinical study and Mendelian randomization.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Delayed diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis: the crucial role of primary care - how you can make a difference.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, significant progress has been made in improving the early diagnosis of spondyloarthritides (SpA), including axial SpA. Nonetheless, there are still issues related to the application of classification criteria for making the primary diagnosis of SpA in the daily practice. There are substantial conceptional and operational differences between the diagnostic vs classification approach. Although it is not possible to develop true diagnostic criteria for natural reasons as discussed in this review, the main principles of the diagnostic approach can be clearly defined: consider the pre-test probability of the disease, evaluate positive and negative results of the diagnostic test, exclude other entities, and estimate the probability of the disease at the end. Classification criteria should only be applied to patients with an established diagnosis and aimed at the identification of a rather homogeneous group of patients for the conduction of clinical research.
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