Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33052566›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2021

Association between meteorological indicators and COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.

Ali Raza, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan, Qamar Ali, Tanveer Hussain, Saadia Narjis

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Ecosystem degradation and the spread of Covid-19.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2023
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  19. Environmental factors and the epidemics of COVID-19.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ali RazaDepartment of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Tariq Iqbal KhanDepartment of Economics, Government Postgraduate College, Jaranwa, la-37200, Pakistan.
Qamar AliDepartment of Economics, Virtual University of Pakistan-Faisalabad Campus, Faisab, ad-38000, Pakistan. qamarali2402@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8178-7591
Tanveer HussainDepartment of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Saadia NarjisDepartment of Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Virtual University of Pakistan · PKGovernment College University, Faisalabad · PKUniversity of Faisalabad · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the impact of meteorological indicators (temperature, rainfall, and humidity) on total COVID-19 cases in Pakistan, its provinces, and administrative units from March 10, 2020, to August 25, 2020. The correlation analysis showed that COVID-19 cases and temperature showed a positive correlation. It implies that the increase in COVID-19 cases was reported due to an increase in the temperature in Pakistan, its provinces, and administrative units. The generalized Poisson regression showed that the rise in the expected log count of COVID-19 cases was 0.024 times for a 1 °C rise in the average temperature in Pakistan. Second, the correlation between rainfall and COVID-19 cases was negative in Pakistan. However, the regression coefficient between the expected log count of COVID-19 cases and rainfall was insignificant in Pakistan. Third, the correlation between humidity and the total COVID-19 cases was negative, which implies that the increase in humidity is beneficial to stop the transmission of COVID-19 in Pakistan, its provinces, and administrative units. The reduction in the expected log count of COVID-19 cases was 0.008 times for a 1% increase in the humidity per day in Pakistan. However, humidity and COVID-19 cases were positively correlated in Sindh province. It is required to create awareness among the general population, and the government should include the causes, symptoms, and precautions in the educational syllabus. Moreover, people should adopt the habit of hand wash, social distancing, personal hygiene, mask-wearing, and the use of hand sanitizers to control the COVID-19.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsHumansHumidityPakistanSARS-CoV-2TemperatureDose-responseGeneralized additive modelGeneralized Poisson regressionHumidityRainfallTemperature

Identifiers

PMID33052566
PMCPMC7556579
OpenAlexW3091799452

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.