ArticleBrain and behavior2020
Vitamin D levels are associated with trait resilience but not depression in a general population sample.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D and depression in adults: A systematic review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Physical Activity, Nutritional Behaviours and Depressive Symptoms in Women with Hashimoto's Disease.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Vitamin D and Probability of Developmental Disorders among Perinatally HIV-Affected and Unaffected Ugandan Children.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Relationship between Vitamin Intake and Resilience Based on Sex in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults: Results of the Shika Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Vitamin D levels are associated with trait resilience but not depression in a general population sample.Brain and behavior · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionInsufficient vitamin D levels were found to be related to various psychiatric disorders and particularly depression. The functional polymorphisms rs4588 and rs7041 of the vitamin D-binding protein (also group-specific component or Gc) influence vitamin D level and activity. Resilience is considered the individual predisposition to maintain psychological functioning in the face of adversities. We sought to investigate whether associations of vitamin D levels and genotypes of rs4588 and rs7041 were associated with trait resilience and symptoms of depression.
methodsSerum levels of total 25(OH)D were measured in a general population sample (n = 1,908) of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-1). The Resilience Scale-25 (RS-25) was applied to assess trait resilience. Lifetime depressive symptoms were assessed using the CID-S, while current depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Study participants were genotyped for rs4588 and rs7041.
resultsParticipants with vitamin D insufficiency had lower adjusted mean RS-25 scores as compared to vitamin D replete subjects (p = .002). Linear regression analyses revealed a positive association between 25(OH)D and RS-25 scores (ß = 2.782, p = .002). Additional adjustment for BDI-II scores slightly attenuated this result (ß = 1.830 and p = .026). Symptoms of depression and the lifetime diagnosis of MDD were not significantly associated with vitamin D concentrations. rs4588 and rs7041 showed strong associations with vitamin D concentrations (both p < .001), but not RS-25 scores.
conclusionsIn contrast with previous studies, our findings do not provide evidence for a strong role of vitamin D in the psychopathology of depression. However, considering the role of trait resilience as a common protective factor to different psychiatric disorders, our results support the concept of low vitamin D as a general risk factor to stress-related psychopathologies.
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