ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2021
Is Racial Discrimination Associated with Number of Missing Teeth Among American Adults?
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of the association between racial inequities and edentulism in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Pooled it
- Discrimination and (In)dignity in the Oral Health Care Setting and Oral Health Outcomes: A Latent Class Analysis.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2026Article
- Education Intervention for Evaluation and Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: A randomized trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Healthcare-related sociocultural factors, racial disparities, and kidney transplant outcomes in the Kidney Transplant Fast Track program.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Health Care Perceptions and a Concierge-Based Transplant Evaluation for Patients With Kidney Disease.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Racism in healthcare: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Stronger together. Diverse dentists weigh in on racism and its impact on oral health in our communities.Journal of public health dentistry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objectives of this study are to assess the association of racial discrimination with tooth loss among American adults and whether this relationship, if existed, explains ethnic differences in tooth loss.
methodsData is from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2014, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of American adults. The survey included data on sociodemographic characteristics, behaviour, health insurance and number of missing teeth. The survey also included questions on whether a person was treated differently because of his/her race. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between tooth loss and indicators of discrimination. We also examined the relation between ethnicity and indicators of discrimination.
resultsThe analysis included 4858 participants aged 18 to 44 years. Tooth loss (> one tooth) was reported by 26% of participants. Among those reporting discrimination at healthcare facility, there was 141% increase in tooth loss compared to those not reporting discrimination. Discrimination at work and emotional impact of discrimination were both significantly associated with tooth loss in the partially adjusted models. Accounting for discrimination slightly attenuated ethnic differences in too loss. Black Americans had significantly higher odds for reporting all types of discrimination used here.
conclusionThis study demonstrated a potential role for discrimination in tooth loss among American adults. Discrimination could also explain part of ethnic inequalities in oral health.
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Registered trials
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