ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2021
Financial Toxicity Following Surgical Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Cross-sectional Pilot Study.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing Financial Toxicity in Cancer: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using an Asset Framework.Cancer medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Towards the assessment of financial distress among cancer patients: a conceptual model of the financial effects of a tumour disease.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Financial toxicity among patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The oncologist · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of financial toxicity and associated factors in female patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Breast Cancer Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- A longitudinal study of physical activity in patients with breast cancer: A latent transition analysis.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- Financial Toxicity in Patients with Resected Esophageal Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Age, Financial Hardship, and Catastrophic Health Expenditure After Emergency Surgery.The Journal of surgical research · 2026Article
- Factors influencing the impact of financial toxicity on the quality of life of breast cancer patients after mastectomies.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Modeling the Arc of Financial Well-Being in Breast Reconstruction: A Mixed-Methods Study.Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Association between time to treatment and financial toxicity among women with breast cancer in Ethiopia: a multicentre study in a low-resource setting.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Social Needs in Cancer Survivors: A Scoping Review and Future Directions.Current oncology reports · 2025Article
- Non-monetary burdens of out-of-pocket costs incurred by patients and caregivers for medical care: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- The Role of Social Support in Buffering the Financial Toxicity of Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study of Patient Experiences.Cancers · 2025Article
- Financial toxicity and its influencing factors in young and middle-aged cancer patients: a latent profile analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Cancer-related financial toxicity among Latinas with breast cancer in a rural area of the United States: a qualitative study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- The financial toxicity of breast cancer: a systematic mapping of the literature and identification of research challenges.Radiology and oncology · 2025Article
- Self-reported determinants for subjective financial distress: a qualitative interview study with German cancer patients.BMJ open · 2025Observational
- Cancer cost-related subjective financial distress among breast cancer: a scoping review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Article
- Financial toxicity, coping strategies, and quality of life among Chinese patients with hematologic malignancies: a cross-sectional study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite growing national attention, there is limited understanding of the patient- and treatment-level characteristics related to treatment cost-associated distress ("financial toxicity") in breast cancer patients. Our aim is to identify risk factors for financial toxicity amongst breast cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment.
methodsThis is a single-institution cross-sectional survey of adult female breast cancer patients who underwent lumpectomy or mastectomy between January 2018 and June 2019. Financial toxicity was measured via the 11-item comprehensive score for financial toxicity (COST) instrument. Responses were linked with data on patient demographics and clinical history abstracted from the corresponding medical record. Multivariate regression was used to identify patient- and treatment-level factors associated with worsening financial toxicity. Secondary outcome measures included self-reported coping strategies for high treatment costs.
resultsA total of 571 patients were included; overall, these individuals were mostly white (76.0%), in-state residents (72.3%), and married (73.0%). Following multivariate analysis, lower financial distress was associated with the use of supplemental insurance, increasing annual household income, and a higher credit score (score > 740). Conversely, work reduction or cessation, increased out-of-pocket spending, advanced tumor stage, and being employed at the time of diagnosis were associated with increased financial distress. Patients with higher reported financial distress were more likely to decrease their spending on food, clothing, and leisure activities.
conclusionsFinancial toxicity was associated with baseline demographic, disease, and treatment characteristics in our cohort of insured patients. These characteristics may be critical opportunities for interventions related to financial navigation along the treatment continuum.
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