ArticleInflammatory bowel diseases2021
National Estimates of Financial Hardship From Medical Bills and Cost-related Medication Nonadherence in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the United States.
Article in Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nationwide Analysis of Food Insecurity among Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Impact of Social Risk in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: National Estimates From the United States.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2025Article
- Optimizing 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Maintenance Treatment in Ulcerative Colitis from the Patient and Physician Perspective: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Study.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2025Article
- Reevaluating therapeutic strategies in Crohn's disease: Comparing Modulen and budesonide.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Non-monetary burdens of out-of-pocket costs incurred by patients and caregivers for medical care: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Structural equation modeling of the impact of disease activity on inflammatory bowel disease control: the mediating roles of self-efficacy and self-management behaviors.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Our Life Is a Rollercoaster! A Qualitative Phenomenological Study Exploring the Impact of IBD on Family Members.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2024Article
- Intestinal Fibrogenesis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Exploring the Potential Role of Gut Microbiota Metabolites as Modulators.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Advanced Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Navigating Payor and Financial Challenges.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Evolving Trends and Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Asia, 1990-2019: A Comprehensive Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- Trends in U.S. Health Care Spending on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 1996-2016.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2022Article
- The impact of family function on mental health status in patient with inflammatory bowel disease: The mediating role of self-esteem.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in the United States from 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease study database.Annals of gastroenterologyArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are associated with substantial health care needs. We estimated the national burden and patterns of financial toxicity and its association with unplanned health care utilization in adults with IBD in the United States.
methodsUsing the National Health Interview survey (2015), we identified individuals with self-reported IBD and assessed national estimates of financial toxicity across domains of financial hardship due to medical bills, cost-related medication nonadherence (CRN) and adoption of cost-reducing strategies, personal and health-related financial distress (worry about expenses), and health care affordability. We also evaluated the association of financial toxicity with emergency department (ED) utilization.
resultsOf the estimated 3.1 million adults with IBD in the United States, 23% reported financial hardships due to medical bills, 16% of patients reported CRN, and 31% reported cost-reducing behaviors. Approximately 62% of patients reported personal and/or health-related financial distress, and 10% of patients deemed health care unaffordable. Prevalence of financial toxicity was substantial even in participants with higher education, with private insurance, and belonging to middle/high-income families, highlighting underinsurance. Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with 1.6 to 2.6 times higher odds of financial toxicity across domains compared with patients without IBD. Presence of any marker of financial toxicity was associated with higher ED utilization.
conclusionsOne in 4 adults with IBD experiences financial hardship due to medical bills, and 1 in 6 adults reports cost-related medication nonadherence. These financial determinates of health-especially underinsurance-have important implications in the context of value-based care.
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