ArticleParasites & vectors2020
Diminished adherence of Biomphalaria glabrata embryonic cell line to sporocysts of Schistosoma mansoni following programmed knockout of the allograft inflammatory factor.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficient Microinjection and CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing in Urechis unicinctus.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Snail 3G: genomics, genetics, and gene-editing ofFrontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- CRISPR/Cas genome editing, functional genomics, and diagnostics for parasitic helminths.International journal for parasitology · 2025Review
- CRISPR/Cas9-germline editing ofScience advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring the immune interactions between Oncomelania hupensis and Schistosoma japonicum, with a cross-comparison of immunological research progress in other intermediate host snails.Parasites & vectors · 2023Review
- Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/ CRISPR associated protein 9-mediated editing of Schistosoma mansoni genes: Identifying genes for immunologically potent drug and vaccine development.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2022Review
- Hit-and-Run Epigenetic Editing for Vectors of Snail-Borne Parasitic Diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- PIWI silencing mechanism involving the retrotransposon nimbus orchestrates resistance to infection with Schistosoma mansoni in the snail vector, Biomphalaria glabrata.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLarval development in an intermediate host gastropod snail of the genus Biomphalaria is an obligatory component of the life-cycle of Schistosoma mansoni. Understanding of the mechanism(s) of host defense may hasten the development of tools that block transmission of schistosomiasis. The allograft inflammatory factor 1, AIF, which is evolutionarily conserved and expressed in phagocytes, is a marker of macrophage activation in both mammals and invertebrates. AIF enhances cell proliferation and migration. The embryonic cell line, termed Bge, from Biomphalaria glabrata is a versatile resource for investigation of the snail-schistosome relationship since Bge exhibits a hemocyte-like phenotype. Hemocytes perform central roles in innate and cellular immunity in gastropods and in some cases can kill the parasite. However, the Bge cells do not kill the parasite in vitro.
methodsBge cells were transfected by electroporation with plasmid pCas-BgAIFx4, encoding the Cas9 nuclease and a guide RNA specific for exon 4 of the B. glabrata AIF (BgAIF) gene. Transcript levels for Cas9 and for BgAIF were monitored by reverse-transcription-PCR and, in parallel, adhesion of gene-edited Bge cells during co-culture with of schistosome sporocysts was assessed.
resultsGene knockout manipulation induced gene-disrupting indels, frequently 1-2 bp insertions and/or 8-30 bp deletions, at the programmed target site; a range from 9 to 17% of the copies of the BgAIF gene in the Bge population of cells were mutated. Transcript levels for BgAIF were reduced by up to 73% (49.5 ± 20.2% SD, P ≤ 0.05, n = 12). Adherence by BgAIF gene-edited (ΔBgAIF) Bge to sporocysts diminished in comparison to wild type cells, although cell morphology did not change. Specifically, as scored by a semi-quantitative cell adherence index (CAI), fewer ΔBgAIF than control wild type cells adhered to sporocysts; control CAI, 2.66 ± 0.10, ΔBgAIF, 2.30 ± 0.22 (P ≤ 0.01).
conclusionsThe findings supported the hypothesis that BgAIF plays a role in the adherence of B. glabrata hemocytes to sporocysts during schistosome infection in vitro. This demonstration of the activity of programmed gene editing will enable functional genomics approaches using CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate additional components of the snail-schistosome host-parasite relationship.
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