ArticleNutrients2020
Low Serum Magnesium is Associated with Incident Dementia in the ARIC-NCS Cohort.
Article in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Magnesium and Cognitive Health in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- The effects of magnesium L-threonate (MagteinFrontiers in nutrition · 2025Trial
- Magnesium deficiency and long-term incident dementia among COVID-19 survivors: a propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- U-shaped pattern in the association between serum magnesium levels and long-term dementia risk after traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between low magnesium status and new-onset dementia in the general population: a propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A Proposed Scale to Assess Magnesium Status Using Serum Calcium and Magnesium Ratios.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Depression and Hypomagnesemia as Independent and Synergistic Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults Post-COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of Magnesium in Depression, Migraine, Alzheimer's Disease, and Cognitive Health: A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Nutritional strategies against dementia in rural populations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Magnesium (Mg) and Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Overview of Studies on Mg Levels in Biological Specimens in Humans Affected Some Neurodegenerative Disorders with an Update on Therapy and Clinical Trials Supplemented with Selected Animal Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Association between serum magnesium levels and cognitive function in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2024Article
- The Concurrent Association of Magnesium and Calcium Deficiencies with Cognitive Function in Older Hospitalized Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- U-shaped association of serum magnesium with mild cognitive impairment among hemodialysis patients: a multicenter study.Renal failure · 2023Observational
- Relationship between Whole-Blood Magnesium and Cognitive Performance among Chinese Adults.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Review
- Association between magnesium intake and cognition in US older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011 to 2014.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Other Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Cognitive Decline and Dementia.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Magnesium and Micro-Elements in Older Persons.Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Higher serum magnesium is associated with lower risk of multiple morbidities, including diabetes, stroke, and atrial fibrillation, but its potential neuroprotective properties have also been gaining traction in cognitive function and decline research. We studied 12,040 participants presumed free of dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Serum magnesium was measured in fasting blood samples collected in 1990-1992. Dementia status was ascertained through cognitive examinations in 2011-2013, 2016-2017, and 2018-2019, along with informant interviews and indicators of dementia-related hospitalization events and death. Participants' cognitive functioning capabilities were assessed up to five times between 1990-1992 and 2018-2019. The cognitive function of participants who did not attend follow-up study visits was imputed to account for attrition. We identified 2519 cases of dementia over a median follow-up period of 24.2 years. The lowest quintile of serum magnesium was associated with a 24% higher rate of incident dementia compared to those in the highest quintile of magnesium (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07, 1.44). No relationship was found between serum magnesium and cognitive decline in any cognitive domain. Low midlife serum magnesium is associated with increased risk of incident dementia, but does not appear to impact rates of cognitive decline.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.