ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2021
Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in Covid-19 patients.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Journal of infection and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling to evaluate favipiravir in combination with lopinavir-ritonavir in patients with COVID-19.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- How Can Pharmacology Help Us Overcome the Challenges of Drug Repositioning as Antivirals to Treat Emerging Pathogens? The Example of Covid-19.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- Electrophysiological Profile of Different Antiviral Therapies in a Rabbit Whole-Heart Model.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Cabozantinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Towards Drug Expenses Saving Regimens.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lopinavir in HIV negative individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2: a COPEP (COronavirus Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) sub-study.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2023Article
- Analytical approaches for determination of COVID-19 candidate drugs in human biological matrices.Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC · 2023Review
- Lack of antiviral activity of probenecid in Vero E6 cells and Syrian golden hamsters: a need for better understanding of inter-lab differences in preclinical assays.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling to Investigate the Impact of the Cytokine Storm on CYP3A Drug Pharmacokinetics in COVID-19 Patients.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Hydroxychloroquine and 3 Metabolites in COVID-19 Patients and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Application.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Kidney injury in COVID-19 patients, drug development and their renal complications: Review study.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021Review
- Prediction of lopinavir/ritonavir effectiveness in COVID-19 patients: a recall of basic pharmacology concepts.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Article
- Potential Effects of COVID-19 on Cytochrome P450-Mediated Drug Metabolism and Disposition in Infected Patients.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2021Review
- Herb-Drug Interaction Between Xiyanping Injection and Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Two Agents Used in COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Pharmacokinetic Simulation of Optimal Lopinavir and Ritonavir Dose Combination for COVID-19: Boosting Lopinavir With Ritonavir.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir boosted by ritonavir in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) patients.
methodsConcentrations of lopinavir/ritonavir were assayed by an accredited LC-MS/MS method. The population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir was described using non-linear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM version 7.4). After determination of the base model that better described the data set, the influence of covariates (age, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), gender, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C reactive protein (CRP), and trough ritonavir concentrations) was tested on the model.
resultsFrom 13 hospitalized patients (4 females, 9 males, age = 64 ± 16 years), 70 lopinavir/ritonavir plasma concentrations were available for analysis. The data were best described by a one-compartment model with a first-order input (KA). Among the covariates tested on the PK parameters, only the ritonavir trough concentrations had a significant effect on CL/F and improved the fit. Model-based simulations with the final parameter estimates under a regimen lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg b.i.d. showed a high variability with median concentration between 20 and 30 mg/L (C
conclusionAccording to the estimated 50% effective concentration of lopinavir against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells (16.7 mg/L), our model showed that at steady state, a dose of 400 mg b.i.d. led to 40% of patients below the minimum effective concentration while a dose of 1200 mg b.i.d. will reduce this proportion to 22%.
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