ArticleBiology of reproduction2021
Progesterone receptor membrane components: key regulators of fetal membrane integrity.
Article in Biology of reproduction, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Absence of Receptor Mediated Functional Progesterone Withdrawal in the Decidua During Labor-like Inflammatory Conditions.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Endocrine Disruptors at the Fetomaternal Interface: Insight From PBDE Studies and the Utility of Novel Approach Methods.Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Prostacyclin Assists in the Repair of Ruptured Amnions through the Proliferation and Migration of Amnion Mesenchymal Cells.The American journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Do progesterone receptor membrane components (PGRMC)s play a role in the chorions refractoriness to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)?Journal of reproductive immunology · 2025Article
- PGRMC2 and HLA-G regulate immune homeostasis in a microphysiological model of human maternal-fetal membrane interface.Communications biology · 2024Article
- An Early Gestation Plasma Inflammasome in Rural Bangladeshi Women.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Progesterone-mediated remodeling of the maternal-fetal interface by a PGRMC1-dependent mechanism.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2024Article
- YAP-mediated trophoblast dysfunction: the common pathway underlying pregnancy complications.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Clinical chorioamnionitis at term is characterized by changes in the plasma concentration of CHCHD2/MNRR1, a mitochondrial protein.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2023Article
- Modeling an ascending infection by Ureaplasma parvum and its cell signaling and inflammatory response at the feto-maternal interface.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Article
- Effect of Oral High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid (HMWHA), Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), Magnesium, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnant Women: A Retrospective Observational Pilot Study.Clinics and practice · 2023Article
- A Microphysiological Device to Model the Choriodecidual Interface Immune Status during Pregnancy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- The amniotic fluid proteome changes with term labor and informs biomarker discovery in maternal plasma.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Role of Fetal Membranes during Gestation, at Term, and Preterm Labor.Placenta and reproductive medicine · 2023Article
- Silencing P38 MAPK reduces cellular senescence in human fetal chorion trophoblast cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Article
- Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of feto-maternal reproductive tissues generates inflammation: a detrimental factor for preterm birth.BMB reports · 2022Article
- Pleiotropic Actions of PGRMC Proteins in Cancer.Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Fetal inflammatory response at the fetomaternal interface: A requirement for labor at term and preterm.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Transcriptome changes in maternal peripheral blood during term parturition mimic perturbations preceding spontaneous preterm birth†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Article
- Visualization of the protein-protein interactions of hormone receptors in hormone-dependent cancer research.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pro-pregnancy hormone progesterone (P4) helps to maintain a quiescent status of uterine tissues during gestation. However, P4's functional role in maintaining fetal membrane (amniochorion) integrity remains unclear. P4 functions through its membrane receptors (progesterone receptor membrane components (PGRMCs)) as fetal membrane cells lack nuclear receptors. This study screened the differential expression of PGRMCs in the fetal membranes and tested P4-PGRMC interactions under normal and oxidative stress (OS) conditions expected that can disrupt P4-PGRMC interactions impacting fetal membrane stability resulting in parturition. Human fetal membranes were collected from term and preterm deliveries (N = 5). Immunohistochemistry and western blot localized and determined differential expression of P4 receptors. Primary amnion epithelial, mesenchymal (AMCs), and chorion cell were treated with P4 alone or co-treated (P4 + OS induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE)). Proximity ligation assay (PLA) documented P4-receptor binding, whereas P4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay documented culture supernatant levels. Immunohistology confirmed lack of nuclear progesterone receptors; however, confirmed expressions of PGRMC 1 and 2. Term labor (P = 0.01) and preterm rupture (P = 0.01) are associated with significant downregulation of PGRMC2. OS-induced differential downregulation of PGRMCs in both amnion and chorion cells (all P < 0.05) and downregulates P4 release (AMCs; P = 0.01). The PLA showed preferential receptor-ligand binding in amnion and chorion cells. Co-treatment of P4 + CSE did not reverse CSE-induced effects. In conclusion, P4-PGRMCs interaction maintains fetal membranes' functional integrity throughout pregnancy. Increased OS reduces endogenous P4 production and cell type-dependent downregulation of PGRMCs. These changes can lead to fetal membrane-specific "functional progesterone withdrawal," contributing to the dysfunctional fetal membrane status seen at term and preterm conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.